Table 3.
Characteristics of patients from clinician-reported surveillance study
| Patient characteristic (n = patients with available data) | Number (% or range) | |
|---|---|---|
| Total number of cases | 121 | |
| Median age (n = 121) | 59 years (17–85) | |
| Gender (n = 121) | Female | 50 (41.3%) |
| Male | 71 (58.7%) | |
| Race (n = 113) | White British | 102 (90.3%) |
| Latin American | 1 (0.9%) | |
| South Asian | 5 (4.4%) | |
| Middle Eastern | 2 (1.8%) | |
| Black | 3 (2.7%) | |
| COVID-19 Vaccination received (n = 121) | Yes | 106 (87.6%) |
| No | 15 (12.4%) | |
| Vaccine manufacturer (n = 102) | ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 | 89 (87.3%) |
| Tozinameran | 13 (12.7%) | |
| Number of vaccine doses (n = 104) | One dose | 88 (84.6%) |
| Two doses | 16 (15.4%) | |
| Median time from vaccination to GBS onset (n = 97) | 17 days (0–297) | |
| Cases within 42 days of first dose vaccination (n = 97) | 80 (82.3%) | |
| Recent or previous COVID-19 infection (n = 15) | COVID-19 diagnosed after GBS onset | 5 |
| COVID-19 prior to GBS | 10 | |
| Median time from COVID-19 infection to GBS (n = 10) | 24 (3–266) | |
| Highest level of care (n = 118) | Home | 11 (9.3%) |
| Ward | 86 (72.9%) | |
| High Dependency Unit | 8 (6.8%) | |
| Intensive Care Unit | 13 (11.0%) | |
| Hughes GBS score on first assessment (n = 111) | 0—Normal | 6 (5.4%) |
| 1—Slight clinical symptoms/signs | 8 (7.42%) | |
| 2—Able to walk 5 m unaided, unable to run | 32 (28.8%) | |
| 3—Able to walk 5 m with help | 24 (21.6%) | |
| 4—Bedridden/chairbound | 38 (34.2%) | |
| 5—Ventilator-assisted breathing | 3 (2.7%) | |
| Brighton Criteria classification15 (n = 121) | Level 1 (highest certainty) | 50 (41.3%) |
| Level 2 | 36 (29.8%) | |
| Level 3 | 9 (7.4%) | |
| Level 4 (lowest certainty) | 26 (21.5%) | |
| Presence of bilateral flaccid limb weakness (n = 121) | 105 (86.8%) | |
| Decreased or absent deep tendon reflexes in the weak limbs (n = 121) | 114 (94.2%) | |
| Monophasic pattern with nadir 12 h to 28 days from onset (n = 121) | 112 (92.6%) | |
| Lumbar puncture showing albumino-cytological dissociation (n = 103) | 94 (91.3%) | |
| Nerve conduction studies in keeping with GBS (n = 84) | 82 (97.6%) | |
| Nerve conduction studies subtype (n = 79) | Axonal | 7 (8.9%) |
| Conduction block | 2 (2.5%) | |
| Demyelinating | 63 (79.7%) | |
| Equivocal | 2 (2.5%) | |
| Mixed | 5 (6.3%) | |
| Other diagnoses still being considered at latest time of reporting (n = 118) | 3 (2.5%) | |
| Treatment (n = 121) | No treatment | 18 (14.9%) |
| Intravenous immunoglobulin | 90 (74.4%) | |
| Steroids | 5 (4.1%) | |
| Plasma exchange | 5 (4.1%) | |
| Combination of above | 3 (2.5%) | |
Data are presented either as n (%) or median (range).