Table 3.
Association Between Demographics, Vaccine Type, and Time Since Vaccination With Antibody Responses, Stratified by Underlying Condition
| Characteristic | Healthcare Workers | SOT recipients | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antibody Result | Unadjusted OR for Reactive Antibody Result (95% CI) | P Value | Adjusted OR for Reactive Antibody Result (95% CI) | P Value | Antibody Result | Unadjusted OR for Reactive Antibody Result (95% CI) | P Value | Adjusted OR for Reactive Antibody Result (95% CI) | P Value | |||
| Reactive (N=159) | Nonreactive (N=13) | Reactive (N=138) | Nonreactive (N=312) | |||||||||
| Age group, y, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| 19-44 | ||||||||||||
| 45-60 | 45 (90.0%) | 5 (10.0%) | 0.78 (0.24,2.53) | 0.682 | 31 (26.3%) | 87 (73.7%) | 0.40 (0.21,0.76) | 0.005 | 0.32 (0.16-0.65) | 0.002 | ||
| 60+ | 23 (100.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | ... | ... | 76 (28.6%) | 190 (71.4%) | 0.45 (0.26,0.78) | 0.005 | 0.29 (0.15-0.55) | <.001 | ||
| Sex, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| Male | 40 (93.0%) | 3 (7.0%) | Reference | 77 (27.5%) | 203 (72.5%) | Reference | Reference | ... | ||||
| Female | 119 (92.2%) | 10 (7.8%) | 0.86 (0.23,3.29) | 0.83 | 61 (35.9%) | 109 (64.1%) | 1.48 (0.98,2.22) | 0.062 | 1.63 (1.02-2.61) | 0.043 | ||
| Race, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| White | 146 (93.6%) | 10 (6.4%) | Reference | Reference | 131 (32.1%) | 277 (67.9%) | Reference | Reference | ... | |||
| Non-White | 13 (81.3%) | 3 (18.8%) | 0.30 (0.07,1.21) | 0.091 | 0.50 (0.05-4.72) | 0.54 | 7 (16.7%) | 35 (83.3%) | 0.42 (0.18,0.98) | 0.044 | 0.38 (0.16-0.94) | 0.04 |
| Vaccine received, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| mRNA-1273 (Moderna) | 72 (98.6%) | 1 (1.4%) | Reference | Reference | 81 (37.3%) | 136 (62.7%) | Reference | Reference | ... | |||
| BNT162b2 (Pfizer) | 86 (89.6%) | 10 (10.4%) | 0.12 (0.01,0.96) | 0.045 | 0.21 (0.02-1.75) | 0.148 | 56 (24.6%) | 172 (75.4%) | 0.55 (0.36,0.82) | 0.004 | 0.51 (0.32-0.80) | 0.004 |
| Adenovirus vector | 1 (33.3%) | 2 (66.7%) | 0.01 (0.00,0.16) | 0.002 | 0.01 (0.00-2.82) | 0.113 | 1 (20.0%) | 4 (80.0%) | 0.42 (0.05,3.82) | 0.441 | 0.24 (0.02-2.90) | 0.26 |
| Median days from vaccine (IQR) | 131 (118,148) | 181 (148,195) | 0.95 (0.93,0.98) | <.001 | 0.97 (0.94 – 0.99) | 0.004 | 87.5 (63,112) | 92.5 (69.5,119.5) | 1.00 (0.99,1.00) | 0.23 | ||
| Characteristic | Autoimmune Conditions | Hematologic Malignancy | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antibody Result | Unadjusted OR for Reactive Antibody Result (95% CI) | P Value | Adjusted OR for reactive antibody result (95% CI) | P Value | Antibody Result | Unadjusted OR for Reactive Antibody Result (95% CI) | P Value | Adjusted OR for Reactive Antibody Result (95% CI) | P Value | |||
| Reactive (N=208) | Nonreactive (N=55) | Reactive (N=78) | Nonreactive (N=78) | |||||||||
| Age group, y, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| 19-44 | 54 (75.0%) | 18 (25.0%) | Reference | |||||||||
| 45-60 | 61 (80.3%) | 15 (19.7%) | 1.36 (0.62,2.95) | 0.44 | 17 (65.4%) | 9 (34.6%) | Reference | |||||
| 60+ | 93 (80.9%) | 22 (19.1%) | 1.41 (0.69,2.86) | 0.34 | 61 (46.9%) | 69 (53.1%) | 0.47 (0.19,1.13) | 0.09 | 0.33 (0.11-0.99) | 0.05 | ||
| Sex, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| Male | 57 (77.0%) | 17 (23.0%) | Reference | 40 (47.6%) | 44 (52.4%) | Reference | ||||||
| Female | 151 (79.9%) | 38 (20.1%) | 1.19 (0.62,2.27) | 0.61 | 38 (52.8%) | 34 (47.2%) | 1.23 (0.65,2.31) | 0.52 | 0.52 | |||
| Race, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| White | 197 (79.8%) | 50 (20.2%) | Reference | 72 (49.0%) | 75 (51.0%) | Reference | ||||||
| Non-White | 11 (68.8%) | 5 (31.3%) | 0.56 (0.19,1.68) | 0.3 | 6 (66.7%) | 3 (33.3%) | 2.08 (0.50,8.65) | 0.31 | 0.31 | |||
| Vaccine received, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| mRNA-1273 (Moderna) | 114 (85.7%) | 19 (14.3%) | Reference | 46 (53.5%) | 40 (46.5%) | Reference | ||||||
| BNT162b2 (Pfizer) | 92 (72.4%) | 35 (27.6%) | 0.44 (0.24,0.82) | 0.009 | 0.46 (0.24-0.89) | 0.021 | 32 (45.7%) | 38 (54.3%) | 0.73 (0.39,1.38) | 0.34 | 0.34 | |
| Adenovirus vector | 2 (66.7%) | 1 (33.3%) | 0.33 (0.03,3.86) | 0.38 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | |||
| Median days from vaccine (IQR) | 86.5 (66.5,112) | 108 (77,128) | 0.99 (0.98,1.00) | 0.004 | 0.99 (0.98-0.99) | 0.003 | 93.5 (75,114) | 95 (69,112) | 1.00 (0.99,1.01 | 0.98 | 0.98 | |
| Characteristic | Solid Tumors | Persons with HIV | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antibody Result | Unadjusted OR for Reactive Antibody Result (95% CI) | P Value | Adjusted OR for Reactive Antibody Result (95% CI) | P Value | Antibody result | Unadjusted OR for Reactive Antibody Result (95% CI) | P Value | Adjusted OR for Reactive Antibody Result (95% CI) | P Value | |||
| Reactive (N=107) | Nonreactive (N=29) | Reactive (N=75) | Non-reactive (N=19) | |||||||||
| Age group, y, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| 19-44 | 14 (73.7%) | 5 (26.3%) | Reference | 9 (90.0%) | 1 (10.0%) | Reference | ||||||
| 45-60 | 32 (88.9%) | 4 (11.1%) | 2.86 (0.67,12.27) | 0.16 | 39 (79.6%) | 10 (20.4%) | 0.43 (0.05,3.83) | 0.45 | ||||
| 60+ | 61 (75.3%) | 20 (24.7%) | 1.09 (0.35,3.40) | 0.88 | 27 (77.1%) | 8 (22.9%) | 0.38 (0.04,3.42) | 0.39 | ||||
| Sex, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| Male | 21 (75.0%) | 7 (25.0%) | Reference | 66 (78.6%) | 18 (21.4%) | Reference | ||||||
| Female | 86 (79.6%) | 22 (20.4%) | 1.30 (0.49,3.46) | 0.6 | 9 (90.0%) | 1 (10.0%) | 2.45 (0.29,20.67) | 0.41 | ||||
| Race, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| White | 103 (78.0%) | 29 (22.0%) | Reference | 62 (77.5%) | 18 (22.5%) | Reference | ||||||
| Non-White | 4 (100.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | ... | ... | 13 (92.9%) | 1 (7.1%) | 3.43 (0.42,28.17) | 0.25 | ||||
| Vaccine received, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| mRNA-1273 (Moderna) | 68 (89.5%) | 8 (10.5%) | Reference | 25 (86.2%) | 4 (13.8%) | Reference | ||||||
| BNT162b2 (Pfizer) | 39 (65.0%) | 21 (35.0%) | 0.22 (0.09,0.54) | 0.001 | 0.23 (0.09-0.57) | 0.002 | 50 (79.4%) | 13 (20.6%) | 0.62 (0.18,2.08) | 0.44 | ||
| Adenovirus vector | ... | ... | ... | ... | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (100.0%) | ... | ... | ||||
| Median days from vaccine (IQR) | 105.5 (82,133) | 115 (97,143) | 0.99 (0.98,1.00) | 0.13 | 78 (61,105) | 96 (71,112) | 0.99 (0.97,1.00) | 0.12 | 0.99 (0.97-1.00) | 0.155 | ||
Statistically significant associations highlighted in bold. Variables with a P value <.1 were entered in the multivariate model from which adjusted odds ratios were calculated.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HCWs, healthcare workers; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IQR, interquartile range; SOT, solid organ transplant.