Table 2.
Features at Medium-term Follow-up (≤180 Days From Initial Symptoms)
| Clinical Characteristics | Severe Disease (n = 143) | Moderate Disease (n = 162) | P Valuea |
|---|---|---|---|
| Symptom resolution, % | 13.08 | 14.06 | .817 |
| Symptoms, % | |||
| -Cough | 14.41 | 26.32 | .033 |
| -Chest pain | 24.11 | 31.37 | .235 |
| -Asthenia | 29.46 | 37.00 | .244 |
| -Memory loss | 10.48 | 4.55 | .125 |
| -Hair loss | 16.51 | 6.59 | .032 |
| Dyspnea mMRC, mean (SD), No. | 1.45 (0.07) | 1.33 (0.06) | .143 |
| Dyspnea mMRC ≥2, % | 55.55 | 44.09 | .042 |
| Crackly, % | 16.52 | 8.33 | .090 |
| Average time,b median (IQR), d | 135 (116–153) | 133 (116–158) | .777 |
| Radiological Features | Severe Disease (n = 139) | Moderate Disease (n = 157) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Normal radiological pattern, % | 41.86 | 76.30 | .001 |
| RALE score, mean (SD) | 0.62 (0.14) | 0.12 (0.06) | .002 |
| RALE score 0, % | 85.27 | 95.56 | .033 |
| Pulmonary opacities, % | 42.15 | 13.11 | .001 |
| Bands or reticulations, % | 33.06 | 14.75 | .001 |
| Hypoattenuation, % | 5.79 | 5.00 | .506 |
| Average time,b median (IQR), d | 119 (91–144) | 93 (61–128) | .001 |
| Pulmonary Functional Data | Severe Disease (n = 79) | Moderate Disease (n = 82) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Functional data normalization, % | 40.51 | 59.76 | <.001 |
| FEV1, mean (SD), % predicted | 92.58 (20.51) | 99.83 (20.88) | .048 |
| FVC, mean (SD), % predicted | 94.90 (25.71) | 102.89 (20.93) | .036 |
| FEV/FVC, mean (SD) | 76.83 (12.67) | 75.98 (1.40) | .681 |
| SpO2, mean (SD), % | 96.02 (1.86) | 96.81 (11.65) | .002 |
| DLCO, mean (SD), % predicted | 70.84 (21.35) | 82.60 (25.73) | <.001 |
| Average time,b median (IQR), d | 138 (117–156) | 131 (109–147) | .271 |
| Serum Biomarkers | Severe Disease (n = 86) | Moderate Disease (n = 97) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lactate dehydrogenase, median (IQR), U/L | 387 (347–442) | 387 (327–415) | .180 |
| Ferritin, median (IQR), ng/mL | 88 (39–173) | 65 (34.5– 110) | .287 |
| D-dimer, median (IQR), ng/mL | 432 (278–742) | 350.5 (219–597) | .023 |
| D-dimer >500 ng/mL, % | 37.35 | 33.33 | .347 |
| Average time,b median (IQR), d | 120 (109–130) | 115 (107–122) | .445 |
Abbreviations: DLCO, diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC, forced vital capacity; IQR, interquartile range; mMRC, modified Medical Research Council; RALE, Radiographic Assessment of Lung Edema; SpO2, oxygen saturation.
P values from 2-sample t test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, chi-square test, or Fisher exact test. Average time from initial symptoms to evaluation.
time from initial symptoms to the follow-up data.