Table 3.

Potential cancer-related EV biomarkers for SCLC diagnosis based on ROC analysis

20 K SCLC|control
Protein	AUC	95% CI	p-value	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)	Log2 FC
ILK	0.76	0.55–0.87	0.0192	75	59	1.0
ORM1	0.76	0.62–0.89	0.0021	79	54	1.0
GYPA	0.75	0.59–0.90	0.0092	77	64	1.0
QSOX1	0.79	0.63–0.94	0.0047	87	63	− 1.1
CA1	0.80	0.65–0.94	0.0011	83	74	− 1.2
PRDX2	0.73	0.58–0.88	0.0083	77	67	− 1.2
ANK1	0.76	0.55–0.96	0.0301	78	70	− 2.6
ITGA6	0.74	0.59–0.90	0.0084	59	83	− 2.6
SPTB	0.75	0.54–0.96	0.0419	63	80	− 2.7
SPTA1	0.81	0.65–0.98	0.0046	82	76	− 3.2

100 K SCLC|control
Protein	AUC	95% CI	p-value	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)	Log2 FC
APOC2	0.81	0.65–1.0	0.0140	78	89	2.8
LRG1	0.84	0.72–0.96	0.0002	82	75	1.2
APOB	0.86	0.76–0.96	< 0.0001	83	75	1.1
PRDX1	0.74	0.53–0.86	0.0407	89	50	− 1.0
OIT3	0.74	0.59–0.83	0.0058	76	65	− 1.2

A Log₂ FC ± 1 indicates a twofold increase (+) or decrease (−) in SCLC compared to controls.

SCLC small cell lung cancer, AUC area under the curve, CI confidence interval, FC fold change, CA1 carbonic anhydrase 1, QSOX1 sulfhydryl oxidase 1, ILK integrin-linked protein kinase, ORM1 alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1, ANK1 ankyrin-1, GYPA glycophorin-A, ITGA6 integrin alpha-2, PRDX2 peroxiredoxin-2, SPTB spectrin beta chain erythrocytic, SPTA1 Spectrin alpha chain erythrocytic 1, APOC2 Apolipoprotein C-II, LRG1 leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein, APOB apolipoprotein B, PRDX1 peroxiredoxin-1, OIT3 oncoprotein-induced transcript 3 protein