Table 3.

Factors associated with vaccine refusal before and during the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic (round 1 and 2 of the survey) in Puducherry

	Round 1 (N = 900)			Round 2 (N = 861)
Characteristics	aPR	95%CI	p-value	aPR	95%CI	p-value
Age category (y)
<45	Ref	-	-	Ref	-	-
45–59	0.59	0.43–0.80	0.001*	1.63	1.28–2.08	<0.001*
60 and above	0.78	0.56–1.08	0.13	1.85	1.41–2.43	<0.001*
Educational qualification
No formal education	[Not included in the model]			Ref	-	-
Primary				1.45	1.09–1.94	0.01*
Secondary				1.32	0.99–1.76	0.06
Higher				1.51	1.04–2.18	0.03*
Residence
Urban	Ref	-	-	Ref	-	-
Rural	1.32	1.05–1.64	0.02*	1.23	1.02–1.49	0.03*
HCW vs non-HCW
HCW	Ref	-	-	Ref	-	-
Non-HCW	2.67	0.92–7.80	0.07	1.88	0.84–4.15	0.12
Comorbidity
Absent	1.23	0.92–1.64	0.17	1.02	0.84–1.24	0.84
Present	Ref	-	-	Ref	-	-

Unadjusted model had variables such as age group, gender, education, residence, occupation and comorbidities; out of these, gender and education had p-value more than 0.20 in round-1 survey model and were excluded from the final multivariable analysis, while only gender had p-value more than 0.20 in round-2 survey model and it was excluded from the adjusted analysis.

aPR, adjusted prevalence ratio.

CI, confidence Interval.

*p-value statistically significant.