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. 2021 Sep 28;17(12):5255–5268. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1977057

Table 2.

Major approved COVID-19 vaccines for emergency use†

Type Company Country Price/dose (US$)* Efficacy (%)* Dosage recommendation Approval# Storage conditions Common/Rare side effects**
mRNA BioNtech
Pfizer		 Germany
USA		 19.5 95 2 doses, 3 weeks apart for 12 years and older (as of May 2021) US, EU, UK, Turkey, Australia, Japan

  1. Up to 6 months at −80 to −60°C

  2. Up to 5 days at 2–8°C

 Common: Chills, headache, tiredness, and injection site adverse events (swelling, pain, redness)
Rare: Can trigger anaphylaxis
Moderna USA 25–37 95 2 doses, 4 weeks apart for 18 years and older (other ages are being considered as of May 2021) US, EU

  1. Up to 6 months at −25 to −15°C

  2. Up to 30 days at 2–8°C

 Common: As above
Rare: As above
Viral Vector-based AstraZeneca/
Oxford University		 UK 2.15–5.25 ~70 2 doses, 4–12 weeks apart for 18 years and older EU, UK, Australia, India Up to 6 months at 2–8°C Common: As above
Rare: Blood clots
Johnson & Johnson USA
Belgium		 10 66–72 1 dose for 18 years and older (under study for <18) USA Up to 3 months at 2–8°C Common: As above (but less severe)
Rare: Blood clots
Sputnik V (Gamalaya Institute) Russia 10 91.4 2 Russia, India, Turkey, Iran, Argentina (>60 countries)

  1. −18°C (liquid form)

  2. 2–8°C (dry powder)

 Common: As above and flu-like symptoms, fatigue
Rare: Unknown
Inactivated Virus CoronaVacTM (Sinovac) China 40–60 50–91 2 China, UAE, Indonesia, Turkey, Brazil 2–8°C Common: As above, allergic reaction, cough, fever
Rare: Unknown
Sinopharm China 18–40   2 China, Hungary, Venezuela, Sri Lanka (>40 countries) 2–8°C Common: As above, fatigue
Rare: Nausea and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis
Covaxin® (Bharat Biotech) India     2 India 2–8°C Common: As above, fatigue, fever
Rare: Unknown
Protein-based Novavax USA 16 89.3 2 doses, 3 weeks apart, being tested for adults 18–84 ages Undergoing evaluation (Australia, EU, US, and others) Up to 3 months at 2–8°C Common: As above, fatigue, myalgia
Rare: Unknown

†Approvals in most countries are for Emergency Use only.

*Adapted from.71,72

**Adapted from.73–75

#Not an exhaustive list of countries.