Table 3.
Bivariate and Multivariate logistic regressions for socio-economic and demographic factors associated with full vaccination coverage in India, NFHS 2015–16
| Variables | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Children characteristics | ||
| Sex of the child | ||
| Male@ | 1 | 1 |
| Female | 1.006 (0.968–1.045) | 1.016 (0.976–1.058) |
| Child size at birth | ||
| Large@ | 0.947** (0.900–0.996) | 0.891*** (0.844–0.940) |
| Average | 1 | 1 |
| Small | 0.823*** (0.777–0.873) | 0.886*** (0.833–0.943) |
| Birth order | ||
| 1@ | 1 | 1 |
| 2–3 | 0.790*** (0.757–0.824) | 0.868*** (0.827–0.911) |
| 4+ | 0.496*** (0.469–0.526) | 0.745*** (0.691–0.803) |
| Maternal characteristics | ||
| Maternal age | ||
| 15–24 | 1.274*** (1.182–1.373) | 0.799*** (0.729–0.875) |
| 25–34 | 1.318*** (1.224–1.419) | 0.947 (0.872–1.028) |
| 35+@ | 1 | 1 |
| Maternal education | ||
| No education@ | 1 | 1 |
| Primary | 1.389*** (1.306–1.476) | 1.232*** (1.153–1.316) |
| Secondary | 1.886*** (1.803–1.973) | 1.297*** (1.224–1.373) |
| Higher | 2.550*** (2.372–2.741) | 1.282*** (1.170–1.405) |
| Currently married | ||
| No@ | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.203** (1.020–1.419) | 1.156 (0.971–1.376) |
| Exposure to mass media | ||
| No@ | 1 | 1 |
| Partial | 1.798*** (1.723–1.878) | 1.162*** (1.100–1.228) |
| Full | 2.195*** (2.022–2.383) | 1.229*** (1.117 − 1.352) |
| Healthcare characteristics | ||
| Four or more ANC visit | ||
| No@ | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 2.139*** (2.678–2.963) | 1.665*** (1.591–1.742) |
| Place of delivery | ||
| Home@ | 1 | 1 |
| Health facility | 2.324*** (2.217–2.435) | 1.544*** (1.464–1.628) |
| PNC visit | ||
| No@ | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.763*** (1.692–1.837) | 1.501*** (1.437–1.567) |
| Family characteristics | ||
| Sex of the household head | ||
| Male@ | 1 | 1 |
| Female | 1.101*** (1.038–1.168) | 1.070** (1.006–1.138) |
| Wealth index | ||
| Poorest@ | 1 | 1 |
| Poorer | 1.346*** (1.276–1.421) | 1.211*** (1.138–1.288) |
| Middle | 1.755*** (1.658–1.857) | 1.372*** (1.278–1.473) |
| Richer | 2.015*** (1.897–2.141) | 1.453*** (1.340–1.576) |
| Richest | 2.514*** (2.354–2.686) | 1.567*** (1.423–1.725) |
| Social characteristics | ||
| Religion | ||
| Hindu@ | 1 | 1 |
| Islam | 0.716*** (0.680–0.754) | 0.771*** (0.727–0.818) |
| Other | 0.847*** (0.798–0.898) | 1.196*** (1.099–1.301) |
| Social category | ||
| SC | 0.964 (0.907–1.024) | 1.017 (0.949–1.090) |
| ST | 0.654*** (0.616–0.693) | 0.855*** (0.795–0.921) |
| OBC | 0.934*** (0.888–0.984) | 0.991 (0.936–1.049) |
| Other@ | 1 | 1 |
| Spatial characteristics | ||
| Place of residence | ||
| Urban@ | 1 | 1 |
| Rural | 0.826*** (0.790–0.864) | 1.135*** (1.075–1.198) |
| Region | ||
| North | 0.885*** (0.819–0.956) | 1.207*** (0.110–1.312) |
| Central | 0.541*** (0.504–0.582) | 0.994 (0.919–1.076) |
| East | 0.979 (0.907–1.057) | 2.049*** (1.181–2.231) |
| Northeast | 0.487*** (0.450–0.528) | 0.747*** (0.678–0.823) |
| West | 0.599*** (0.545–0.658) | 0.713*** (0.646–0.787) |
| South@ | 1 | 1 |
| Constant | 0.396*** (0.313–0.501) | |
| Observation | 44,771 |
OR = Odds ratio, CI = Confidence interval, ANC = antenatal care, PNC = post-natal care, SC = Scheduled Caste, ST = Scheduled Tribe, OBC = Other Backward Classes, 95% Confidence interval in parentheses; *** p < .01, ** p < .05, * p < .1, @ = Reference category.