Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of the study participants.
| Feature | Non-drinking control | Non-drinking case | P1 value | Drinking control | Drinking case | P2 value | P3 value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 18) | (n = 7) | (n = 55) | (n = 23) | ||||
| Demographic mean (SD) | |||||||
| Age (year) | 41.778 (8.257) | 41.714 (4.572) | 0.855 | 41.527 (9.309) | 38.609 (7.953) | 0.273 | 0.268 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.772 (3.532) | 28.041 (2.713) | 0.397 | 26.856 (3.112) | 27.075 (2.773) | 0.493 | 0.327 |
| DP (mmHg) | 81.333 (12.551) | 81.714 (8.056) | 0.738 | 82.455 (10.136) | 80.304 (9.716) | 0.316 | 0.623 |
| SP (mmHg) | 128.111 (14.373) | 128.429 (6.051) | 0.952 | 131.709 (12.704) | 131.043 (15.032) | 0.755 | 0.864 |
| PP (mmHg) | 46.778 (8.822) | 46.714 (4.309) | 0.879 | 49.255 (8.859) | 50.739 (10.037) | 0.709 | 0.476 |
| Liver function mean (SD) | |||||||
| ALT (U/L) | 23.222 (7.659) | 61.571 (18.347) | <0.001 | 24.145 (7.077) | 59.478 (32.517) | <0.001 | 0.447 |
| AST (U/L) | 20.667 (4.79) | 35.857 (14.871) | 0.006 | 21.127 (3.977) | 36.174 (19.853) | <0.001 | 0.768 |
| ALP (U/L) | 70.056 (16.232) | 65.857 (5.757) | 0.363 | 70.582 (16.156) | 72.217 (21.405) | 0.852 | 0.540 |
| GGT (U/L) | 25.833 (12.552) | 49 (30.111) | 0.042 | 41.345 (33.264) | 72.913 (61.854) | 0.001 | 0.404 |
| ALB (g/L) | 48.578 (2.537) | 50.571 (1.996) | 0.034 | 48.802 (2.287) | 49.883 (2.677) | 0.143 | 0.508 |
| GLO (g/L) | 26.006 (3.614) | 29.714 (3.986) | 0.032 | 26.682 (3.929) | 25.87 (4.124) | 0.393 | 0.062 |
| TBIL (μmol/L) | 13.829 (5.048) | 9.904 (3.185) | 0.064 | 11.792 (3.986) | 15.013 (5.897) | 0.015 | 0.029 |
| DBIL (μmol/L) | 5.342 (2.135) | 4.136 (1.31) | 0.244 | 4.819 (1.277) | 5.69 (2.104) | 0.070 | 0.050 |
| IBIL (μmol/L) | 8.489 (3.362) | 5.757 (2.148) | 0.069 | 6.973 (3.06) | 9.326 (4.203) | 0.016 | 0.031 |
| GLU (mmol/L) | 5.399 (0.454) | 5.659 (1.228) | 0.751 | 5.427 (0.86) | 5.364 (0.879) | 0.361 | 0.462 |
| FibroTouch [n (%)] | |||||||
| CAP | |||||||
| Normal | 0/2 (0.0) | 0/1 (0.0) | 1.000 | 2/10 (20.0) | 2/2 (28.6) | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| High | 2/2 (100.0) | 1/1 (100.0) | 8/10 (80.0) | 5/5 (71.4) | |||
| LSM | |||||||
| Normal | 2/2 (100.0) | 1/1 (100.0) | 1.000 | 10/10 (100.0) | 6/7 (85.7) | 0.412 | 1.000 |
| High | 0/2 (0.0) | 0/1 (0.0) | 0/0 (0.0) | 1/7 (14.3) | |||
| Smoking or not | |||||||
| Yes | 6/18 (33.3) | 1/7 (14.3) | 0.626 | 14/54 (25.9) | 7/22 (31.8) | 0.587 | 0.635 |
| No | 12/18 (66.7) | 6/7 (85.7) | 40/54 (74.1) | 15/22 (68.2) | |||
P1, Comparisons between non-drinking control group and non-drinking case group.
P2, Comparisons between drinking control group and drinking case group.
P3, Comparisons between non-drinking case group and drinking case group.
Continuous variables were compared using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test between two groups. Categorical variables were compared using Fisher's exact test. Statistical analyses were performed using R (Version 3.6.1).
BMI, body mass index; DP, diastolic pressure; SP, systolic pressure; PP, pulse pressure; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; GGT, gamma-glutamyltransferase; ALB, albumin; GLO, globulin; TBIL, total bilirubin; DBIL, direct bilirubin; IBIL, indirect bilirubin; CAP, controlled attenuation parameter; LSM, liver stiffness measure.