Table 3.
Moderator effects for alcohol-targeted interventions, by outcome domain.
| Outcome domain | ||
|---|---|---|
| Alcohol use | Consequences | |
| Categorical moderators | ||
| Comparison group type | ||
| Other types | 0.12 [0.06, 0.19] 62, 501 | 0.03 [−0.13, 0.20]20, 102 |
| Treatment as usual | 0.10 [0.03, 0.17] 62, 501 | 0.06 [0.00, 0.13]20, 102 |
| Implementation monitoring | ||
| Yes | 0.10 [0.05, 0.15] 62. 501 | 0.06 [−0.01, 0.13]20, 102 |
| Not reported | 0.14 [0.05, 0.23] 62, 501 | — |
| Implementation problems | ||
| Yes | 0.15 [−0.04, 0.35]62, 501 | — |
| Possible | 0.05 [−0.02, 0.13]62, 501 | — |
| Not reported | 0.11 [0.06, 0.16] 62, 501 | — |
| Intention-to-treat analysis | ||
| Yes | 0.10 [0.05, 0.15] 61, 497 | 0.09 [0.02, 0.16]20, 102 |
| Possible | 0.11 [−0.02, 0.24]61, 497 | — |
| No | 0.14 [0.03, 0.26] 61, 497 | — |
| CONSORT diagram reported | ||
| Yes | 0.08 [0.04, 0.12] 62, 501 | 0.03 [−0.04, 0.11]20, 102 |
| No | 0.24 [0.07, 0.41] 62, 501 | — |
| Overall risk of bias | ||
| High | 0.02 [−0.07, 0.11]62, 501 | — |
| Unclear | 0.14 [0.08, 0.19] 62, 501 | 0.07 [0.01, 0.14]20, 102 |
| Setting | ||
| Emergency department | 0.05 [0.00, 0.10]62, 501 | 0.00 [−0.08, 0.08]20, 102 |
| General medical setting | 0.17 [0.10, 0.24] 62, 501 | 0.11 [0.02, 0.20]20, 102 |
| Modality | ||
| In-person | 0.14 [0.08, 0.20] 61, 497 | — |
| Computer/tablet/smartphone | 0.10 [0.01, 0.18]61, 497 | — |
| Telephone | 0.01 [−0.07, 0.10]61, 497 | — |
| Booster delivered | ||
| Yes | 0.16 [0.07, 0.25] 62, 501 | — |
| No | 0.10 [0.04, 0.15] 62, 501 | 0.03 [−0.04, 0.11]20, 102 |
| Age group | ||
| Adolescent/young adult | 0.11 [0.04, 0.18] 62, 501 | — |
| Mixed or adult only | 0.12 [0.06, 0.17] 62, 501 | 0.02 [−0.06, 0.10]20, 102 |
| Continuous moderators | ||
| Overall attrition | −0.28 [−0.78, 0.22]58, 493 | 0.15 [−0.33, 0.64]20, 102 |
| Differential attrition | 0.47 [−0.82, 1.77]52, 371 | 0.19 [−4.60, 4.99]16, 69 |
| Efficacy-to-effectiveness scale score | −0.01 [−0.03, 0.01]62, 501 | −0.02 [−0.05, 0.02]20, 102 |
| Duration | 0.00 [−0.003. 0.004]54, 443 | 0.00 [−0.01, 0.003]16, 90 |
| Proportion female | −0.21 [−0.52, 0.09]58, 487 | 0.24 [−0.05, 0.52]19, 100 |
| Proportion white | 0.02 [−0.23, 0.28]33, 280 | — |
Notes. Predicted mean effect sizes and 95% CIs presented for categorical moderators. Unstandardized coefficients and 95% CIs presented for continuous moderators. Results in boldface are significantly different from zero after Benjamini-Hochberg adjustment for multiple comparisons. k (number of studies), n (number of effect sizes). — not estimable due to limited degrees of freedom.