Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of atrial fibrillation patients receiving rivaroxaban with and without anti-arrhythmic drugs before and after propensity score matching.

Characteristics	Concomitant-AAD (n = 739)		Rivaroxaban alone Unmatched (n = 1649)		P	Rivaroxaban alone Matched (n = 738)		P
Age, yr, mean (SD)	74.1	(10.1)	73.3	(12.3)	0.084	74.3	(11.1)	0.737
Female, no. (%)	358	(48.4)	829	(50.3)	0.426	374	(50.7)	0.405
AF type					0.109			0.788
Paroxysmal AF, no. (%)	606	(82.0)	1304	(79.1)		601	(81.4)
Persistent AF, no. (%)	133	(18.0)	345	(20.9)		137	(18.6)
Pre-CHF admission, no. (%)	216	(29.2)	622	(37.7)	< 0.001	223	(30.2)	0.690
Hypertension, no. (%)	594	(80.4)	1235	(74.9)	0.003	597	(80.9)	0.843
Diabetes, no. (%)	256	(34.6)	552	(33.5)	0.575	260	(35.2)	0.827
Prior major bleeding, no. (%)	49	(6.6)	157	(9.5)	0.022	33	(4.5)	0.088
Prior TIA/stroke, no. (%)	130	(17.6)	419	(25.4)	< 0.001	131	(17.7)	0.946
Prior TIA/ Stroke/Systemic thromboembolism, no. (%)	150	(20.3)	499	(30.3)	< 0.001	151	(20.5)	0.949
Liver cirrhosis, no. (%)	28	(3.8)	84	(5.1)	0.175	31	(4.2)	0.693
LVEF (%), mean (SD)	60.1	(10.3)	60.0	(9.8)	0.778	60.0	(9.9)	0.791
eGFR, mL/mm/1.73m2, mean (SD)	64.3	(23.0)	70.2	(28.4)	< 0.001	66.1	(27.5)	0.171
Medication
ACEI / ARB, no. (%)	455	(61.6)	1019	(61.8)	0.927	473	(64.1)	0.333
Beta-blocker, no. (%)	234	(31.7)	548	(33.2)	0.479	265	(35.9)	0.088
Statin, no. (%)	240	(32.5)	529	(32.1)	0.850	233	(31.6)	0.738
Aspirin, no. (%)	34	(4.6)	66	(4.0)	0.508	31	(4.2)	0.800
Clopidogrel or brilinta, no. (%)	28	(3.8)	64	(3.9)	1.000	24	(3.2)	0.672
NSAID, no. (%)	97	(13.1)	224	(13.6)	0.795	89	(12.1)	0.583