Table 2.
Clinical characteristics of cardiac surgery patients at ICU admission.
| Total | Control group | Study group | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vtial signs at admission | ||||
| Heart rate (beats per minute) | 104 (92, 113) | 103 (92, 111) | 104 (93, 115) | 0.197 |
| Mean artery pressure (mmHg) | 82 (75, 88) | 85 (75, 88) | 81 (75, 88) | 0.178 |
| Temperature (°C) | 37.8 (37.3, 38.2) | 37.8 (37.3, 38.1) | 37.8 (37.3, 38.2) | 0.314 |
| Respiratory rate (per minute) | 16 (15, 20) | 17 (15, 23) | 16 (15, 18) | 0.01 |
| Ventilation parameters | ||||
| PEEP (cmH2O) | 6 (5, 8) | 6 (5, 8) | 6 (5.8) | 0.347 |
| Tidal volume (ml/kg predicted BW) | 7 (7, 8) | 7 (7, 8) | 7 (7, 8) | 0.835 |
| FiO2 (%) | 35 (30, 40) | 35 (30, 40) | 35 (30, 40) | 0.101 |
| PaO2 (mmHg) | 71 (56, 92.5) | 68.5 (55.9, 87.5) | 72 (56.2, 95.8) | 0.342 |
| PaCO2 (mmHg) | 45 (42, 47.8) | 44.4 (42, 47.7) | 45 (42, 48) | 0.548 |
| Circulation parameters | ||||
| Central venous pressure (mmHg) | 8 (7, 10) | 8 (7, 10) | 9 (7, 10) | 0.112 |
| Lactate (mmol/L) | 1.9 (1.3, 3, 3) | 1.6 (1.2, 3.1) | 2.1 (1.4, 3.4) | 0.038 |
| ScvO2 (%) | 73 (68, 78) | 71.5 (66.9, 78) | 73 (69, 78) | 0.036 |
| cTnI (ug/L) | 4.78 (1.55, 12.3) | 2.9 (0.72, 9.23) | 6.9 (2.8, 14.8) | <0.001 |
| Nt-ProBNP (pg/ml) | 1931 (956, 4931) | 2115 (637.5, 6452.8) | 1915 (1136, 4368) | 0.727 |
| LVEF (%) | 53 (48, 58) | 54 (48, 57) | 53 (49, 58) | 0.720 |
| Treatment on the first day in ICU | ||||
| Prophylactic antibiotics (n/%) | 327 (91.3%) | 145 (94.2%) | 182 (89.2%) | 0.100 |
| Acid-suppressing drugs | 91 (25.4%) | 41 (26.6%) | 50 (24.5%) | 0.649 |
| Norepinephrine (n/%) | 294 (82.1%) | 129 (83.8%) | 165 (80.9%) | 0.481 |
| Cardiotonic# (n/%) | 183 (51.1%) | 83 (53.9%) | 100 (49%) | 0.361 |
| CRRT (n/%) | 59 (16.5%) | 27 (17.5%) | 32 (15.7%) | 0.373 |
| IABP (n/%) | 14 (3.9%) | 4 (2.6%) | 10 (4.9%) | 0.265 |
| ECMO (n/%) | 15 (4.2%) | 5 (3.2%) | 10 (4.9%) | 0.439 |
| Laboratory evaluation | ||||
| White blood cell (109/L) | 12.7 (9.2, 16.3) | 12.9 (9.3, 17.0) | 12.6 (9.2, 16.2) | 0.666 |
| Neutrophil (109/L) | 10.9 (7.9, 14.5) | 10.9 (7.7, 15.1) | 11.0 (7.9, 14.3) | 0.925 |
| Monocyte (109/L) | 0.68 (0.45, 0.96) | 0.66 (0.42, 1.01) | 0.71 (0.47, 0.95) | 0.438 |
| Platelet (109/L) | 125 (91, 164) | 124.5 (89.5, 169) | 125 (93, 164) | 0.879 |
| Creatinine (umol/L) | 96.5 (77, 139) | 103 (82.8, 151) | 95 (67.3, 137) | 0.009 |
| Total bilirubin (umol/L) | 17.7 (13.4, 27.9) | 18.2 (14, 26.6) | 16.9 (12.7, 28.3) | 0.334 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 33 (31, 35) | 33 (31, 35) | 33 (31, 35) | 0.929 |
| Prothrombin Time (s) | 14.1 (13.4, 15.4) | 14.3 (13.4, 15.8) | 14 (13.4, 15.1) | 0.216 |
| APTT-R | 1.15 (1.01, 1.31) | 1.14 (1.01, 1.35) | 1.2 (1.0, 1.3) | 0.268 |
| Procalcitonin (ng/ml) | 3.49 (1.0, 11.0) | 4 (1.01, 13) | 3.3 (0.98, 9.1) | 0.218 |
| hsCRP (mg/L) | 142.9 (71.5, 239) | 110.3 (49.8, 209.8) | 167.1 (79, 256.4) | <0.0001 |
| Interleukin-6 (pg/ml) | 156 (54.3, 433) | 121 (45.8, 364) | 162 (69.6, 452) | 0.146 |
| Interleukin-8 (pg/ml) | 102 (53.8, 171) | 114 (55.5, 206) | 91 (53, 155) | 0.026 |
| TNF-a (pg/ml) | 12.6 (9.0, 16.8) | 14.9 (10.9, 20.2) | 11.2 (8.5, 15.3) | <0.0001 |
PEEP, positive end expiratory pressure; FiO2, fraction of inspirated oxygen; PaO2, partial pressure of oxygen; PaCO2, partial pressure of carbon deoxidate; ScvO2, oxygen saturation of central venous blood; cTnI, cardiac troponin I; Nt-ProBNP, N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; CRRT, continuous renal replacement therapy; IABP, intra-aortic balloon pump; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; APTT-R, activated partial thromboplastin time ratio; hsCRP, hypersensitive C-reactive protein; TNF-a, tumor necrosis factor-a;
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Cardiotonics include epinephrine, dopamine, dobutamine, milrinone, levosimendan et al.