Table 5.
Factors associated with dyslipidemia in Africa, 2021.
| Determinants | Comparison | Number OF studies | Sample size | OR (95% CI) | P-value | I2 (%) | Heterogeneity test (P-value) | Egger©test (P-value) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (16, 32–35, 39–41) | Male vs. female | 8 | 3,596 | 0.86 (0.67–1.08) | <0.001* | 72 | 0.19 | 0.17 |
| Smoking (16, 32, 34) | Yes vs. no | 3 | 809 | 1.32 (0.74–2.35) | 0.47 | 0.0 | 0.35 | 0.18 |
| Medication adherence (16, 32) | No vs. yes | 2 | 561 | 0.80 (0.52–1.23) | 0.03* | 79.9 | 0.31 | - |
| Educational status (8, 32, 34, 35) | Illiterate vs. literate | 4 | 1,044 | 1.19 (0.90–1.57) | 0.01* | 75 | 0.22 | 0.95 |
| FBS (17, 32, 34, 40) | Positive vs. negative | 4 | 1,622 | 2.32 (0.89–6.05) | <0.001* | 88.1 | 0.09 | 0.10 |
| Residence (33–35, 39) | Rural vs. urban | 4 | 1,395 | 0.75 (0.40–1.40) | 0.14 | 49.8 | 0.37 | <0.001* |
| BP (16, 17, 32–35, 40) | High vs. low | 7 | 2,507 | 2.05 (1.31–3.21) | <0.001* | 75.4 | <0.001 | 0.09 |
| Alcohol (16, 32, 34, 38) | Yes vs. no | 5 | 1,924 | 0.86 (0.68–1.09) | 0.49 | 41.3 | 0.208 | 0.20 |
| BMI (16, 17, 32, 34, 35, 37, 38, 40) | Yes vs. no | 8 | 3,436 | 2.36 (1.33–4.18) | <0.001* | 89.6 | <0.001 | 0.58 |
| WC (17, 33, 40) | ≥94 vs. <94 cm | 3 | 393 | 2.33 (0.75–7.29) | <0.001* | 93.6 | 0.15 | 0.28 |
| Marital status (8, 32, 34) | Married vs. single | 3 | 841 | 1.174 (0.65–2.10) | <0.001 | 75 | 0.59 | 0.95 |
| Sedentary life (16, 32, 34, 38) | Yes vs. no | 4 | 1,555 | 0.80 (0.63–1.03) | 0.04* | 64.9 | 0.08 | 0.41 |
FBS, fasting blood sugar; BP, blood pressure; BMI, body mass index; OR, odds ratio; vs., versus.
-
Insufficient observation. Egger test P-value was not calculated if degree of freedom is zero due to insufficient number of study.
*
Statistically significant variables at P-value < 0.05.