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. 2022 Feb 23;10:824812. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2022.824812

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Copyright © 2022 Zha, Tian, Panayi, Mi and Liu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Signaling pathways in the regulation of MSC osteogenic differentiation. BMP signaling, Wnt signaling, and SHH signaling pathways are involved in the modulation of MSC osteogenesis, and the targets are the transcription factors Runx2 and Osx. MSC, mesenchymal stem cell; BMP, bone morphogenetic protein; Wnt, wingless-type MMTV integration site; SHH, sonic hedgehog; Runx2, runt-related transcription factor 2; Osx, osterix.