Table 2.
In-hospital clinical outcomes among adults admitted with covid-19 by variant group (alpha, delta, omicron). Values are numbers (percentages) unless stated otherwise
| Outcome | Alpha group (n=1060) | Delta group (n=3788) | Omicron group (n=565) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vaccinated (n=116) | Unvaccinated (n=944) | P value* | Vaccinated (n=1045) | Unvaccinated (n=2743) | P value* | Vaccinated (n=293) | Unvaccinated (n=272) | P value* | |||
| Death | 5 (4.3) | 76 (8.1) | 0.15 | 138 (13.2) | 323 (11.8) | 0.23 | 15 (5.1) | 25 (9.2) | 0.059 | ||
| Invasive mechanical ventilation | 7 (6.0) | 201 (21.3) | <0.001 | 152 (14.5) | 681 (24.8) | <0.001 | 35 (11.9) | 49 (18.0) | 0.043 | ||
| Composite of death or invasive mechanical ventilation | 10 (8.6) | 218 (23.1) | <0.001 | 210 (20.1) | 748 (27.3) | <0.001 | 42 (14.3) | 54 (19.9) | 0.08 | ||
| Admitted to intensive care unit | 24 (20.7) | 353 (37.4) | <0.001 | 321 (30.7) | 1179/2742 (43.0) | <0.001 | 66 (22.5) | 89/271 (32.8) | 0.006 | ||
| Non-invasive ventilation | 15 (12.9) | 167 (17.7) | 0.20 | 151 (14.4) | 470 (17.1) | 0.046 | 39 (13.3) | 43 (15.8) | 0.40 | ||
| High flow oxygen | 15 (12.9) | 324 (34.3) | <0.001 | 289 (27.7) | 1148 (41.9) | <0.001 | 59 (20.1) | 84 (30.9) | 0.003 | ||
| Vasopressors | 6 (5.2) | 191 (20.2) | <0.001 | 155 (14.8) | 647 (23.6) | <0.001 | 36 (12.3) | 46 (16.9) | 0.12 | ||
| New renal replacement therapy | 5 (4.3) | 43 (4.6) | 0.91 | 49 (4.7) | 159 (5.8) | 0.18 | 14 (4.8) | 12 (4.4) | 0.84 | ||
| Median (IQR) hospital length of stay among survivors | 5 (3-8) | 5 (3-9) | 0.56 | 5 (3-9) | 6 (3-10) | <0.001 | 5 (3-9) | 6 (3-11) | 0.050 | ||
| Venous thromboembolic event | 7 (6.0) | 55 (5.8) | 0.93 | 46 (4.4) | 250 (9.1) | <0.001 | 15 (5.1) | 22 (8.1) | 0.15 | ||
| Stroke | 0 (0) | 18 (1.9) | 0.13 | 9 (0.9) | 44 (1.6) | 0.08 | 3 (1.0) | 4 (1.5) | 0.63 | ||
| Myocardial infarction | 1 (0.9) | 19 (2.0) | 0.39 | 29 (2.8) | 58 (2.1) | 0.23 | 5 (1.7) | 5 (1.8) | 0.91 | ||
IQR=interquartile range.
*
Obtained using χ2 testing, not adjusting for other factors.