Table 3. Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, and NPV for ctDNA, Imaging, and CEA.

Measure	Detection method, % (95% CI)
	ctDNA	Imaging	CEA level	Imaging plus CEA level
Sensitivity	53.3 (27.4-77.7)	60.0 (32.9-82.5)	20.0 (5.3-48.6)	73.3 (44.8-91.1)
Specificity	100 (87.0-100)	96.9 (82.5-99.8)	90.9 (74.5-97.6)	87.9 (70.9-96.0)
PPV	100 (59.8-100)	90.0 (54.1-99.5)	50.0 (13.9-86.1)	73.3 (44.8-91.1)
NPV	82.5 (66.6-92.1)	84.2 (68.1-93.4)	71.4 (55.2-83.8)	87.9 (70.9-96.0)

Abbreviations: CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; ctDNA, circulating tumor DNA; NPV, negative predictive value; PPV, positive predictive value.