Table 2. Current immunotherapy options for triple-negative breast cancer.
*Chemotherapy options included nab-paclitaxel, paclitaxel, or gemcitabine/carboplatin. **TPC (treatment of physician’s choice) included capecitabine, vinorelbine, or eribulin
pCR: pathologic complete response; TNBC: triple-negative breast cancer; DFS: disease-free survival; OS: overall survival; CTx: chemotherapy; Cbp: carboplatin; Nab-Pac: nab-paclitaxel; pembro: pembrolizumab; EC: epirubicin/cyclophosphamide; GC: gemcitabine/carboplatin
| Study | Population | Regimen | Complete response (CR) | P-value | Disease-free survival (DFS) | P-value | Overall survival (OS) | P-value |
| Immunotherapy trials | ||||||||
| GeparNuevo, Loibl et al. (2019) [17] | II-III TNBC without previous treatment (n=174) | CTx only | 41.40% | 0.035, OR: 2.22 (1.06-4.64) | 79.50% | 0.015, HR: 0.37 (0.15-0.87) | NA | NA |
| Duravalumab + Nab-Pac + EC | 61% | 91.40% | NA | |||||
| NEOTRIPAPDL1, Bianchini (2020) [18] | Early high-risk or locally advanced TNBC (n=280) | Placebo + Cbp/Nab-Pac | 55% | 0.148 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Atezolizumab + Cbp/Nab-Pac | 32% | |||||||
| Keynote-355, Schmid et al. (2020) [19] | Previously untreated mTNBC (PD-L1+) (n=847) | Pembro + CTx* | NA | NA | 9.7 months | <0.001, HR: 0.65 | NA | NA |
| Placebo + CTx | NA | 5.6 months | NA | |||||
| NA | NA | |||||||
| IMpassion130, Emens et al. (2021) [20] | mTNBC or unresectable TNBC without prior treatment or completed neoadjuvant CTx longer than 12 months (PD-L1+) (n=396) | Placebo + Nab-Pac | NA | NA | 5.3 months | <0.05, HR: 0.63 (0.50-0.80) | 18 months | <0.05, HR: 0.71 (0.54-0.93) |
| Atezolizumab + Nab-Pac | NA | 7.5 months | 25 months | |||||
| IMpassion131, Miles et al. (2021) [21] | mTNBC without prior treatment or completed neoadjuvant CTx longer than 12 months (PD-L1+) (n=333) | Placebo + Pac | NA | NA | 22.1 months | HR: 1.12 (0.76-1.65) | NA | NA |
| Atezolizumab + Pac + DEX | NA | 28 months | NA | |||||
| O’Shaughnessy et al. (2011) [22] | mTNBC or locally recurrent who received no more than 2 previous CTx regimens (n=116) | GC alone | 32% | <0.02 | 3.6 months | HR: 0.59 (0.39-0.90) | 7.7 months | HR: 0.57 (0.36-0.90) |
| GC + Iniparib | 52% | 5.9 months | 12.3 months | |||||
| EMBRACA, Litton et al. (2019) [23] | BRCA+/HER2- mTNBC who received no more than 3 lines of previous CTx (n=412) | Talazoparib | NA | NA | 8.6 months | <0.001, HR: 0.54 (0.41-0.71) | 19.3 months | 0.17, HR: 0.85 (0.67-1.07) |
| TPC** | NA | 5.6 months | 19.5 months | |||||
| OlympiAD, Robson et al. (2019) [24] | BRCA+/HER2- mTNBC who received no more than 2 lines of previous CTx (n=205) | Olaparib | NA | NA | NA | NA | 22.6 months | 0.02, HR: 0.51 (0.29-0.90) |
| TPC** | NA | NA | 14.7 months | |||||