Table 2.

Excess all-cause mortality related to nonoptimal temperature (heat, cold, and total), by age group and decade between 1969 and 2017 in Switzerland [number of deaths and fractions (%), and 95% confidence interval]. ${\mathrm{N}}_{\text{tot}}$ represents the corresponding total all-cause mortality for each study period and age group.

Category	Sub-category	Measure of impact	Heat-related mortality (95% CI)	Cold-related mortality (95% CI)	Non-optimal temperature-related mortality (95% CI)
Total	1969–2017	Total ($n$)	8,385 (5,482, 10,937)	266,193 (222,842, 304,815)	274,578 (230,657, 312,761)
	(${\mathrm{N}}_{\text{tot}}=\mathrm{2,986,581}$)	Fraction (%)*	0.28 (0.18, 0.37)	8.91 (7.46, 10.21)	9.19 (7.72, 10.47)
		Rate (per 100,000)*	2.4 (1.4, 3.4)	77 (63, 88)	79 (66, 90)
Age	$<65\mathrm{y}$	Total ($n$)	953 (158, 1,645)	21,418 (8,354, 32,540)	22,372 (9,625, 33,316)
	(${\mathrm{N}}_{\text{tot}}=\mathrm{603,540}$)	Fraction (%)*	0.16 (0.03, 0.27)	3.55 (1.38, 5.38)	3.71 (1.59, 5.52)
		Rate (per 100,000)*	0.3 (0.1, 0.5)	7 (3, 11)	8 (3, 11)
	65–79 y	Total ($n$)	1,508 (572, 2,530)	92,903 (74,085, 107,898)	93,227 (75,520, 109,623)
	(${\mathrm{N}}_{\text{tot}}=\mathrm{989,574}$)	Fraction (%)*	0.17 (0.06, 0.26)	9.26 (7.49, 10.90)	9.42 (7.63, 11.07)
		Rate (per 100,000)*	4.3 (1.5, 6.6)	239 (193, 281)	243 (197, 286)
	$\ge 80\mathrm{y}$	Total ($n$)	5,794 (4,003, 7,423)	153,185 (131,787, 171,906)	158,797 (137,495, 177,816)
	(${\mathrm{N}}_{\text{tot}}=\mathrm{1,393,467}$)	Fraction (%)*	0.42 (0.29, 0.53)	10.99 (9.46, 12.34)	11.41 (9.87, 12.76)
		Rate (per 100,000)*	48.2 (33.3, 61.8)	1,275 (1,097, 1,431)	1,323 (1,145, 1,480)
Decade	1969–1978	Annual ($n$)	74 (12, 125)	6,559 (5,009, 7,985)	6,633 (5,041, 8,096)
	(${\mathrm{N}}_{\text{tot}}=\mathrm{569,226}$)	Fraction (%)	0.13 (0.02, 0.22)	11.52 (8.80, 14.03)	11.65 (8.86, 14.22)
		Rate (per 100,000)	1.2 (0.2, 2.0)	105 (80, 127)	106 (80, 129)
	1979–1988	Annual ($n$)	158 (76, 236)	4,780 (3,780, 5,789)	4,939 (3,941, 5,954)
	(${\mathrm{N}}_{\text{tot}}=\mathrm{594,733}$)	Fraction (%)	0.27 (0.13, 0.40)	8.03 (6.36, 9.73)	8.30 (6.63, 10.01)
		Rate (per 100,000)	2.5 (1.2, 3.7)	75 (59, 91)	78 (62, 94)
	1989–1998	Annual ($n$)	104 (10, 193)	5,145 (3,839, 6,325)	5,250 (3,918, 6,386)
	(${\mathrm{N}}_{\text{tot}}=\mathrm{625,706}$)	Fraction (%)	0.17 (0.02, 0.31)	8.22 (6.13, 10.11)	8.39 (6.26, 10.21)
		Rate (per 100,000)	1.5 (0.1, 2.8)	75 (56, 92)	76 (57, 93)
	1999–2008	Annual ($n$)	338 (239, 432)	6,306 (5,052, 7,533)	6,645 (5,360, 7,918)
	(${\mathrm{N}}_{\text{tot}}=\mathrm{616,199}$)	Fraction (%)	0.55 (0.39, 0.70)	10.23 (8.20, 12.23)	10.78 (8.70, 12.85)
		Rate (per 100,000)	4.7 (3.3, 6.0)	87 (70, 105)	92 (74, 110)
	2009–2017	Annual ($n$)	181 (39, 307)	4,254 (2,642, 5,757)	4,435 (2,807, 5,976)
	(${\mathrm{N}}_{\text{tot}}=\mathrm{580,717}$)	Fraction (%)	0.28 (0.06, 0.48)	6.59 (4.10, 8.92)	6.87 (4.35, 9.26)
		Rate (per 100,000)	2.1 (0.4, 3.5)	49 (30, 66)	51 (32, 68)

^*The results of the excess mortality fractions and rates (per 100,000 people) over the total study period (1969–2017) should be interpreted with caution because these have been averaged over the total deaths and total population, respectively.