Antigen transfer and thymocyte deletion by mMDSCs. (A) Detection of HBeAg or HBsAg in their stimulated mMDSCs (μg/ml). (B) Detection of the Env183/A2 complex on IL-6 or HBsAg-induced HLA-A2–negative mMDSCs with TCR-like antibody (n = 7). (C) Flow cytometry determining MFI of the Env183/A2 complex on HLA-A2–positive mMDSCs from CHB and CD14+ myeloid cells from healthy donors. (D) Flow cytometry determining MFI of the Core18/A2 complex on HLA-A2–positive mMDSCs from CHB and CD14+ myeloid cells from healthy donors. (E) IHC staining of HBsAg in the thymus from HBV-persistent HDI mice. Nucleus (violet), Gr-1 (brown), HBsAg (red), IHC, 200X, triplicate. Arrows indicate the positive signaling in the IHC staining. (F) Detection of HBsAg in the thymus from WT and CCR9−/− HBV-persistent HDI mice (brown, 100X), triplicate. Arrows indicate the positive signaling in the IHC staining. (G) Detecting OVA-specific CD8+ thymocytes via flow cytometry in reconstituted mice on day 3 after transfer of OVApp 257-264-loaded mMDSCs (107 cells per mice, n = 5). **, P < 0.01.