Table 2.
Effective nanomaterial (NMs) on facing respiratory viruses
| Nanomaterial | Measure (nm) | Antiviral activity | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Polymeric NMs | |||
| Poly(lacticcoglycolic acid) (PLGA) | 225.4 | Bovine parainfluenza type 3 virus (BPI3V) | Dhakal et al. (2017) |
| Swine influenza virus (H1N2) | |||
| Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ- PGA) | 100–200 | Influenza (H1N1) | Sivasankarapillai et al. (2020) |
| 300–350 | Influenza (H1N1) | ||
| Chitosan | 300–350 | Influenza (H1N1) | Sivasankarapillai et al. (2020) |
| 571.7 | Swine influenza virus (H1N2) | ||
|
N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide/ N-isopropylacrylamide (HPMA/NIPAM) |
12–25 | Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) | Francica et al. (2016) and Sivasankarapillai et al. (2020) |
| Self-assembling NMs based on peptide and proteins | |||
| N nucleocapside protein of RSV | 15 | RSV | Sivasankarapillai et al. (2020) |
| Ferritin | 12.5 | Influenza (H1N1) | |
| Inorganic NMs | |||
| Gold | 12 | Influenza | Sivasankarapillai et al. (2020) |
| Other NMs | |||
| VLP | 80–120 | Influenza (H3N2, H5N1, H1N1) | Sivasankarapillai et al. (2020) |
| 80–120 | Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) | ||
| Dilauroyl phosphatidyl choline (DLPC liposomes) | 30–100 | Influenza (H1N1) | |