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. 2022 Mar 9;17(3):e0249723. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249723

Fig 1. A robust, Spike-specific IgA response in milk commonly occurs after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Fig 1

(A) Screening of undiluted milk samples for specific IgA by ELISA against the full-length Spike trimer. COVID-19 group, N = 74; control group N = 20. Mean values with SEM are shown. Dotted line: positive cutoff value (mean OD of negative control milk samples + 2*SD). ****p<0.0001. Mann-Whitney U test (2-tailed) was used to compare grouped data with significance level set at p < 0.05. (B) Full titration against Spike of 40 milk samples found to be positive by the initial screening. (C) Endpoint dilution titers of the 40 titrated milk samples. Segmented line: positive cutoff value; dotted line: 5x positive endpoint cutoff value, designating samples as ‘high-titer’. Mean values with SEM are shown.