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. 2022 Feb 23;13:819767. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.819767

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Copyright © 2022 Messerschmidt, Chintapula, Bonetesta, Laboy-Segarra, Naderi, Nguyen, Cao, Mager and Lee.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Representative Images of Model Output for analyzing cardiac functions. (A) Representative images of the image input (column 1), hand segmented cardiac volume (column 2), and the model’s predicted cardiac volume after training the ZACAF network (column 3). (B,C) FS and EF comparisons demonstrated the zebrafish heart contracts stronger after injecting NICD incorporated PLGA nanoparticles. (D) Injection of NICD loaded PLGA nanoparticles didn’t affect heart rate. (E) Cardiac output of both control group and NICD loaded nanoparticles gradually increased as zebrafish heart matures. However, nanoparticles injected zebrafish has higher number of cardiac output. * indicates a significant difference (p < 0.01). n = 250 zebrafish images per group.