Table 3.
Differences and interactions between phasesa and transition of SIb with regard to lifestyle and coping behavior during the mild lockdown.
|
|
Phase | Mean score (SD) | Effect of phase | Effect of group | Interaction | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
No SI | Improved SI | Worsened SI | Persistent SI | F (df) |
P value |
η G2 c | F (df) |
P value |
η G2 | F (df) |
P value |
η G2 | |||
| Exercise | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
1 | 4.70 (1.64) | 4.19 (1.74) | 4.29 (1.73) | 3.73 (1.84) | 231.42 (1, 7889) | <.001 | 0.007 | 172.62 (3, 7889) | <.001 | 0.047 | 9.25 (3, 7889) | <.001 | 0.001 | |||
|
|
2 | 4.27 (1.85) | 4.04 (1.80) | 3.69 (1.87) | 3.37 (1.92) | N/Ad | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | |||
| Healthy eating habits | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
1 | 4.85 (1.37) | 4.29 (1.50) | 4.50 (1.39) | 4.02 (1.58) | 59.83 (1, 7889) | <.001 | 0.002 | 174.34 (3, 7889) | <.001 | 0.049 | 11.40 (3, 7889) | <.001 | 0.001 | |||
|
|
2 | 4.64 (1.48) | 4.38 (1.62) | 4.18 (1.58) | 3.84 (1.67) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | |||
| Healthy sleep habits | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
1 | 5.11 (1.61) | 4.57 (1.74) | 4.93 (1.62) | 4.48 (1.80) | 0.36 (1, 7889) | .55 | 0.000 | 95.49 (3, 7889) | <.001 | 0.025 | 9.59 (3, 7889) | <.001 | 0.001 | |||
|
|
2 | 5.15 (1.62) | 4.81 (1.65) | 4.71 (1.73) | 4.48 (1.83) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | |||
| Favorite activity | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
1 | 4.47 (1.51) | 3.96 (1.63) | 4.18 (1.53) | 3.68 (1.68) | 165.71 (1, 7889) | <.001 | 0.006 | 140.84 (3, 7889) | <.001 | 0.037 | 14.76 (3, 7889) | <.001 | 0.002 | |||
|
|
2 | 4.09 (1.64) | 3.95 (1.65) | 3.64 (1.64) | 3.38 (1.70) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | |||
| Offline interaction with familiar people | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
1 | 4.10 (1.82) | 3.54 (1.76) | 3.82 (1.77) | 3.12 (1.78) | 80.24 (1, 7889) | <.001 | 0.003 | 248.96 (3, 7889) | <.001 | 0.057 | 8.41 (3, 7889) | <.001 | 0.001 | |||
|
|
2 | 3.85 (1.77) | 3.54 (1.74) | 3.30 (1.72) | 2.84 (1.73) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | |||
| Online interaction with familiar people | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
1 | 3.82 (2.01) | 3.15 (1.85) | 3.53 (1.92) | 2.54 (1.73) | 383.57 (1, 7889) | <.001 | 0.015 | 294.38 (3, 7889) | <.001 | 0.070 | 25.13 (3, 7889) | <.001 | 0.003 | |||
|
|
2 | 3.10 (1.89) | 2.84 (1.76) | 2.72 (1.77) | 2.18 (1.56) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | |||
| Preventive behaviors of COVID-19 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
1 | 5.92 (1.38) | 5.41 (1.68) | 5.65 (1.47) | 5.25 (1.82) | 8.39 (1, 7889) | .004 | 0.000 | 93.90 (3, 7889) | <.001 | 0.024 | 14.08 (3, 7889) | <.001 | 0.002 | |||
|
|
2 | 5.83 (1.39) | 5.51 (1.62) | 5.30 (1.74) | 5.29 (1.79) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | |||
| Optimism | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
1 | 4.65 (1.34) | 3.94 (1.47) | 4.25 (1.42) | 3.57 (1.53) | 65.02 (1, 7889) | <.001 | 0.002 | 336.67 (3, 7889) | <.001 | 0.081 | 18.09 (3, 7889) | <.001 | 0.002 | |||
|
|
2 | 4.76 (1.41) | 4.41 (1.51) | 4.18 (1.46) | 3.79 (1.55) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | |||
aPhase 1: between May 11 and 12, 2020, in the final phase of the first state of emergency; phase 2: between February 24 and 28, 2021, in the final phase of the second state of emergency.
bSI: social isolation.
cηG2: 0.010, small; 0.060, medium; 0.140, large.
dN/A: not applicable.