Table 4. Average number of healthcare system interactions per patient per year, guideline and observed, and average ARV dispensing duration.
| Country and model | Clinic visits/year | DSD interactions/year | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Guidelines † | Observed | Guidelines | Observed | |
| Lesotho | ||||
| Facility care with 3-month refills (SOC) | 4 | 4.19 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Community ART groups with 3-month refills | 1 | 1.00 * | 4 | 4.65 |
| Community distribution points with 6-month refills | 1 | 1.49 | 1 | 0.96 |
| Malawi | ||||
| Facility conventional care (SOC) | 4-12 | 5.4 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Facility dispensing with 3-month refills | 3 | 4.9 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Facility dispensing with 6-month refills | 2 | 2.9 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Uganda | ||||
| Facility-based individual management (SOC) | 4-12 | 7.63 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Facility groups (pregnant/post-partum) | 2 | 9.05 | 2-4 | 6.6 |
| Fast-track drug refills | 4 | 5.82 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Client-led ART delivery | 2 | 5.92 | 2 | 2.00 |
| Community distribution points | 1 | 6.07 | 4 | 1.92 |
| Zambia 1 | ||||
| Facility conventional care (SOC) | 4 | 2.55 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Community adherence groups | 2 | 2.64 | 12 | 10.02 |
| Urban adherence groups | 2 | 3.06 | 4 | 4.54 |
| Mobile ART services | 0 | 0.00 | 6 | 4.87 |
| Home ART delivery | 1 | 1.01 | 6 | 3.34 |
| Zambia 2 | ||||
| Facility conventional care (SOC) | 4-12 | 4.6 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Facility dispensing with 3-month refills | 3 | 4.7 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Facility dispensing with 6-month refills | 2 | 2.8 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Zimbabwe (2020 USD) | ||||
| Facility dispensing with 3-month refills (SOC) | 4 | 5.02 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Community ART groups with 3-month refills | 1 | 1.99 * | 4 | 3.05 |
| Community ART groups with 6-month refills | 1 | 1.98 * | 2 | 1.18 |
*Assumed based on source authors’ calculations.
†Patients are always permitted to make additional clinic visits as needed; guidelines should be regarded as the minimum number of clinic visits/year.