Table 1.
Baseline characteristics.
| Readmission N = 1,790 | No readmisison N = 26,051 | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 73.08 ± 12.35 | 67.73 ± 72.03 | <0.0001 |
| Male | 972 (54.30) | 16,324 (62.66) | <0.0001 |
| Body weight (kg) | 61.94 ± 28.11 | 63.85 ± 14.86 | 0.0143 |
| Smoking | 198 (11.06) | 4,312 (16.55) | <0.0001 |
| Prior hyperlipidemia | 845 (47.21) | 9,113 (34.98) | <0.0001 |
| Prior CHF | 764 (42.68) | 5,523 (21.2) | <0.0001 |
| Prior stroke | 431 (24.08) | 3,905 (14.99) | <0.0001 |
| Prior PAOD | 123 (6.87) | 815 (3.13) | <0.0001 |
| Prior AF | 347 (19.39) | 3,103 (11.91) | <0.0001 |
| CKD | <0.0001 | ||
| eGFR >60 stage1,2 | 525 (29.33) | 13,115 (50.34) | |
| eGFR <60 stage3,4,5 | 1,265 (70.67) | 12,936 (49.66) | |
| Prior dialysis | 286 (15.98) | 2,308 (8.86) | <0.0001 |
| Prior hypertension | 1,297 (72.46) | 14,552 (55.86) | <0.0001 |
| Prior COPD | 449 (25.08) | 4,508 (17.3) | <0.0001 |
| Prior DM | 969 (54.13) | 9,266 (35.57) | <0.0001 |
| Prior liver disease | 342 (19.11) | 4,191 (16.09) | <0.0001 |
| Prior PCI | 205 (11.45) | 1,238 (4.75) | <0.0001 |
| Prior MI | 571 (31.9) | 3,688 (14.16) | <0.0001 |
| Prior CABG | 49 (2.74) | 345 (1.32) | <0.0001 |
| SBP before transfer | |||
| Systolic (mmHg) | 135.5 ± 27.87 | 137.2 ± 25.84 | 0.0375 |
| Diastolic (mmHg) | 71.59 ± 14.72 | 74.56 ± 14.59 | <0.0001 |
| HR before transfer (g/dl) | 81.91 ± 18.89 | 81.30 ± 18.23 | 0.2605 |
| Ventilator during CCU | 304 (16.98) | 3,468 (13.31) | <0.0001 |
| IABP during CCU | 106 (5.92) | 2,093 (8.03) | 0.0013 |
| ECMO during CCU | 17 (0.95) | 888 (3.41) | <0.0001 |
| OHCA before admission | 25 (1.4) | 197 (0.76) | 0.0032 |
| IHCA before admission | 79 (4.41) | 1,493 (5.73) | 0.0195 |
| Sepsis during CCU | 745 (41.62) | 6,888 (26.44) | <0.0001 |
| Bleeding during CCU | 252 (14.08) | 2,790 (10.71) | <0.0001 |
| ACS before admission | 679 (37.93) | 14,679 (56.35) | <0.0001 |
| Cardiac arrest during CCU | 54 (3.02) | 819 (3.14) | 0.7654 |
| Lab data before transfer | |||
| Hb (g/dl) | 10.76 ± 2.09 | 11.78 ± 2.54 | <0.0001 |
| Hct (%) | 32.79 ± 6.20 | 35.43 ± 7.09 | <0.0001 |
| WBC (104/L) | 10.92 ± 4.83 | 10.41 ± 5.11 | <0.0001 |
| Platelet (109/L) | 201.6 ± 98.82 | 201.4 ± 92.94 | 0.9444 |
| INR | 1.19 ± 0.44 | 1.17 ± 0.48 | 0.0258 |
| Cre (mg/dL) | 2.84 ± 2.60 | 2.23 ± 2.54 | <0.0001 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2) | 45.41 ± 39.74 | 62.05 ± 45.14 | <0.0001 |
| Na | 139.0 ± 7.45 | 138.8 ± 7.97 | 0.2048 |
| K | 4.11 ± 2.20 | 4.06 ± 1.34 | 0.2772 |
| LVEF before transfer | 51.74 ± 18.12 | 56.00 ± 17.25 | <0.0001 |
| In-hospital mortality | 446 (24.92) | 3,093 (11.87) | <0.0001 |
| Charlson comorbidity index | 3.43 ± 3.10 | 1.94 ± 2.54 | <0.0001 |
| Readmission duration since transfer (day) | 9.22 ± 8.46 | ||
| Cost (TWD) | 433,217 ± 267,890 | 212,782 ± 220,212 | <0.0001 |
| CCU stay length | 17.11 ± 20.16 | 6.51 ± 10.23 | <0.0001 |
| Transfer at weekend | 246 (13.74) | 4,434 (17.02) | <0.0001 |
| Route of CCU admission | <0.0001 | ||
| ED | 1,667 (93.13) | 23,340 (89.59) | |
| Ward | 123 (6.87) | 2,711 (10.41) |
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or as numbers (percentage).
CHF, congestive heart failure; PAOD, peripheral artery occlusive disease; AF, atrial fibrillation; CKD, chronic kidney disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; MI, myocardial infarction; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft surgery; SBP, systolic blood pressure; HR, heart rate; IABP, intra-aortic balloon pumping; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; OHCA, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest; IHCA, in-hospital cardiac arrest; ACS, acute coronary syndrome; Hb, hemoglobin; HCT, hematocrit; WBC, white blood cell; INR, international normalized ratio; Cre, creatinine; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; CCU, coronary care unit; ED, emergency department.