Table 1.

Twenty-eight persuasive strategies in the Persuasive Systems Design (PSD) framework.

Persuasive strategy	Description
Primary task support
Reduction	Reduces users' effort by breaking complex behaviors into simple to help them perform the target behavior.
Tunneling	Guide users through a process to provide opportunities to encourage them along the way.
Tailoring	Provide Information will be more persuasive if it is tailored to the potential needs, interests, personality, usage context, or other factors related to a particular user group.
Personalization	Offer personalized content or customized services for users.
Self-monitoring	Allow users to track and monitor their performance, progress, or status in achieving their goals.
Simulation	Enable users to observe the link between the cause and effect of their behaviors.
Rehearsal	Provide means for users to rehearse their target behavior.
Dialogue support
Praise	Offer praise through symbols, words, images or sounds as feedback for users to encourage their progress toward the target behavior.
Rewards	Provide virtual rewards for users when completing their target behaviors.
Reminders	Remind users of their target behavior to assist achieve their goals.
Suggestion	Provide appropriate suggestions for users to achieve their target behaviors.
Similarity	Remind users of themselves or adopt trending features in a meaningful way
Liking	Contain a visually attractive look and feel which meets users' desires.
Social role	Adopts a social role such as provide communication between users and the system's specialists.
System credibility support
Trustworthiness	Provide truthful, reasonable, and unbiased information for users.
Expertise	Provide information showing competence, experience, and knowledge.
Surface credibility	Contain a competent look and feel that promot system credibility based on users' initial assessments.
Real-world feel	Show information about people or organizations behind the content or services.
Authority	Refer to people in the role of authority.
Third-party endorsements	Highlight endorsements from respected and well-known sources.
Verifiability	Provide means to investigate the accuracy of the content via external sources.
Social support
Social learning	Allow users to observe other users' performance and outcomes while they are doing the same target behavior.
Social comparison	Allow users to compare their performances with other users.
Normative influence	Allow users to gather with other individuals who share the same objectives to feel norms.
Social facilitation	Enable users to discern other users who perform the target behavior
Cooperation	Motivate users to cooperate with other users to achieve the target behavior goal.
Competition	Motivate users to compete with other users to achieve the target behavior goal.
Recognition	Provide public recognition, such as ranking feature, for users who perform their target behavior.