Table 2.

Gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) used in transgender persons [32,42].

Transgender Women		Dose
Estrogen	Micronized estradiol, oral	2–4 mg/day
	Estradiol valerate, oral	2–4 mg/day
	17 β-Estradiol transdermal patch, TD	100–200 μg/day
	Estradiol valerate, IM	5–20 mg/2 weeks
	Estradiol cypionate, IM	3 mg/month
Anti-androgens	Spironolactone, oral	100–400 mg/day
	Flutamide, oral	250–500 mg/day
	Bicalutamide, oral	25–50 mg/day
	Enzalutamide, oral	160 mg/day
5α-reductase inhibitor	Finasteride, oral	5 mg/day
	Dutasteride, oral	0.5 mg/day
Progesterone	Cyproterone acetate, oral*	25–100 mg/day
	Medroxyprogesterone, oral	10 mg/day
GnRH agonist	Leuprolide, IM	3.75 mg/4 weeks
	Triptorelin, IM or SC	3.75 mg/4 weeks
	Goserelin, SC	3.8 mg/4 weeks
	Buserelin, SC or intranasal	200–1200 μg/day
	Histrelin, SC	50 μg/day
Transgender Men		Dose
Androgen	Testosterone enanthate, IM or SC	250 mg/4 weeks
	Testosterone cypionate, IM or SC	200 mg/4 weeks
	Testosterone undecanoate, IM	1000 mg/12 weeks
	Testosterone gel, TD	5 g/day
	Testosterone transdermal patch, TD	5 mg/day
	Crystalline Testosterone (testosterone pellets; SC depot)	600 mg/4–6 months
	Testosterone undecanoate, oral	80–160 mg/day

Abbreviations: GnRH, Gonadotropin releasing hormone, IM, intramuscularly; SC, subcutaneously; TD, transdermal.

*Not available in the US, Cyproterone acetate is also an anti-androgen.

In transgender women, estrogen is often used together with either anti-androgen or GnRH analog.