Table 6.
Summary of the Key Findings (Compared with Previous Studies)
| Hypothesized relationship | H1: PI → SA | H2: PI → PE | H3: PR → SA | H4: PR → PE | H5: VA → SA | H6: VA → PE | H7: SN → SA | H8: SN → PE | H9: SA → IB | H10: PE → IB |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Do et al. (2020) | ✓/ + | ✓/ + | × | |||||||
| Moghavvemi et al. (2021) | ✓/ + | |||||||||
| Song and Zinkhan (2008) | ✓/ + | |||||||||
| Meyliana et al. 2020 | ✓/ + | |||||||||
| Cheng et al. (2020) | ✓/ + | |||||||||
| Li et al. (2020) | ✓/ + | |||||||||
| Vorderer et al. (2003) | ✓/ + | |||||||||
| Jung (2014) | ✓/ + | |||||||||
| Jang & Park (2019) | ✓/ + | |||||||||
| Coursaris and Sung (2012) | ✓/ + | |||||||||
| Lang (2018) | x | |||||||||
| Claus-Peter and Alexander (2016) | × | |||||||||
| Ernst (2014) | × | |||||||||
| Tseng and Kuo (2014) | × | |||||||||
| Wu et al. (2020) | × | |||||||||
| Ofori et al. (2016) | × | |||||||||
| Tandon et al. (2017) | × | |||||||||
| Ting (2018) | × | |||||||||
| Ramírez-Correa et al. (2018) | × | |||||||||
| Anubhav and Anuja (2020) | × | |||||||||
| Sihombing et al. (2020) | ✓/ + | |||||||||
| Hasima et al. (2020) | ✓/ + | |||||||||
| Zhang et al. (2020) | ✓/ + | ✓/ + | ||||||||
| Xiang et al. (2016) | ✓/ + | |||||||||
| Phonthanukitithaworn and Sellitto (2017) | ✓/ + | |||||||||
| Yuda et al. (2020) | × | |||||||||
| Liu et al. (2019) | ✓/ + | |||||||||
| Zhou and Feng (2017) | ✓/ + | |||||||||
| Liu et al. (2021) | ✓/ + | |||||||||
| Gogoi (2017) | × | |||||||||
| Bressolles et al. (2007) | × |
Notes: ✓ results consistent with previous studies; × results contradict with previous studies; + positive and significant relationship