Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the study population according to ALDH2 rs671 genotypes.
| Characteristics | Men | Women | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GG (n=2,414) | GA/AA (n=1,163) | p value | GG (n=3,759) | GA/AA (n=1,628) | p value | ||
| Age (years) | 65.7±8.0 | 67.1±7.9 | <0.001 | 64.3±8.2 | 65.0±8.2 | 0.006 | |
| Physical activity (yes) | 1,659 (68.7) | 808 (69.5) | 0.677 | 0.585 | |||
| Drinks per day (glass/day) | 2.0±2.6 | 0.4±1.0 | <0.001 | 0.1±0.5 | 0.0±0.2 | <0.001 | |
| Alcohol consumption category | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||||
| Never drinker | 192 (8.0) | 494 (42.5) | 2,058 (54.7) | 1,329 (81.6) | |||
| Former drinker | 321 (13.3) | 161 (13.8) | 265 (7.0) | 73 (4.5) | |||
| Light to moderate drinker | 1,121 (46.4) | 455 (39.1) | 1,299 (34.6) | 217 (13.3) | |||
| Heavy drinker | 780 (32.3) | 53 (4.6) | 137 (3.6) | 9 (0.6) | |||
| Smoking history | 0.757 | 0.010 | |||||
| Never | 619 (25.6) | 307 (26.4) | 3,606 (95.9) | 1,589 (97.6) | |||
| Former | 1,211 (50.2) | 568 (48.8) | 72 (1.9) | 19 (1.2) | |||
| Current | 584 (24.2) | 288 (24.8) | 81 (2.2) | 20 (1.2) | |||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.097 | 0.269 | |||||
| Underweight | 56 (2.3) | 42 (3.6) | 61 (1.6) | 21 (1.3) | |||
| Normal | 1,477 (61.2) | 725 (62.3) | 2,016 (53.6) | 911 (56.0) | |||
| Overweight | 836 (34.6) | 377 (32.4) | 1,510 (40.2) | 634 (38.9) | |||
| Obesity | 45 (1.9) | 19 (1.6) | 172 (4.6) | 62 (3.8) | |||
| Hypertension (yes) | 966 (40.0) | 409 (35.2) | 0.006 | 1,434 (38.1) | 618 (38.0) | 0.921 | |
| Diabetes (yes) | 477 (19.8) | 160 (13.8) | <0.001 | 475 (12.6) | 204 (12.5) | 0.950 | |
| Middle school (yes) | 1,716 (71.1) | 859 (73.9) | 0.091 | 1,644 (43.7) | 753 (46.3) | 0.093 | |
| Atrial fibrillation (yes) | 81 (3.4) | 24 (2.1) | 0.042 | 50 (1.3) | 14 (0.9) | 0.185 | |
All values are presented as the mean ± SD or number (%). Independent t-test and χ2 tests were conducted for continuous and categorical variables, respectively.
Alcohol consumption was categorized into 4 groups: never drinker, former drinker, light to moderate drinker (<2 drinks/day in men, <1 drink/day in women), and heavy drinker (≥2 drinks/day in men, ≥1 drink/day in women).
BMI was categorized into 4 groups: underweight (less than 18.5), normal (18.5–24.9), overweight (25.0–29.9), and obesity (30.0 or more).
ALDH2 = aldehyde dehydrogenase 2; BMI = body mass index.