Table 2.
EV ncRNAs as diagnosis and prognostic biomarkers in LC
| NcRNAs | Source | Cases and samples | Biomarker potential | AUC, sensitivity, and specificity | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| miR-1-3p, miR-144-5p, and miR-150-5p | pleural lavage | 46 LC patients and 25 healthy controls | promising biomarkers of LC diagnosis | AUC = 0.899; sensitivity = 80.25%; specificity = 92.31% | Roman-Canal et al.185 |
| miR-17-5p | serum | 100 NSCLC patients and 90 healthy controls | potential diagnostic biomarker for NSCLC patients | AUC = 0.86; sensitivity = 63%; specificity = 93.3% | Zhang et al.186 |
| miR-20b-5p and miR-3187-5p | serum | 276 NSCLC patients and 282 healthy controls | diagnosis biomarkers for early-stage NSCLC | AUC = 0.848 | Zhang et al.187 |
| miR-21 | pleural lavage | 144 primary LAC patients and 55 healthy controls | prognostic biomarker in primary LAC | – | Watabe et al.188 |
| miR-21 and miR-4257 | plasma | 195 NSCLC patients | predictive biomarker for recurrence in NSCLC patients | – | Dejima et al.189 |
| miR-126 | BAL fluid | 13 LAC patients and 15 healthy controls | diagnostic biomarkers in early-stage LAC | – | Kim et al.190 |
| miR-126 | serum | 45 NSCLC patients | diagnostics biomarker and therapeutic target for NSCLC | AUC = 0.875 and 0.835 for stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ and Ⅲ/Ⅳ NSCLC, respectively | Grimolizzi et al.191 |
| miR-146-5p | serum | six DDP-resistant NSCLC patients and six DDP-sensitive NSCLC patients | biomarker predicting DDP efficacy and real-time monitoring DDP resistance for NSCLC | – | Yuwen et al.192 |
| miR-193a-3p, miR-210-3p, and miR-5100 | plasma | 21 metastasis LC patients and 20 non-metastasis LC patients | biomarkers for LC metastasis | AUC = 0.8600, 0.8369 and 0.8016, respectively | Zhang et al.136 |
| miR-1290 | serum | 70 LAC patients and 40 healthy controls | potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of LAC | AUC = 0.937; sensitivity = 80%; specificity = 96.7% | Wu et al.193 |
| miR-216b | serum | 105 NSCLC patients and 60 healthy controls | potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for NSCLC | AUC = 0.84; sensitivity = 86.7%; specificity = 75% | Liu et al.194 |
| miR-342-5p and miR-574-5p | plasma | seven early-stage LAC patients and seven healthy controls | diagnostic biomarkers for early-stage LAC | AUC = 0.813; sensitivity = 80%; specificity = 73.2% | Han et al.195 |
| miR-378a, miR-379, miR-139-5p, and miR-200b-5p | plasma | 30 LC patients | biomarkers for screening and diagnose LC | AUC = 0.76; sensitivity = 96%; specificity = 60% | Cazzoli et al.196 |
| miR-1269a | serum | 147 NSCLC patients and 149 healthy controls | diagnostic biomarker for NSCLC | AUC = 0.915; sensitivity = 77%; specificity = 89% | Wang et al.197 |
| miR-5864 and miR-125b-5p | serum | 330 NSCLC patients and 312 healthy controls | diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for NSCLC | AUC = 0.733; sensitivity = 62.4%; specificity = 70% | Zhang et al.183 |
| miR-7977 | serum | 65 LAC patients | LC biomarker | AUC = 0.787 | Chen et al.182 |
| circRNA-002178 | plasma | 120 LAC patients and 30 healthy controls | biomarkers for LAC early diagnosis | AUC = 0.9956 | Wang et al.198 |
| circRNA_0056616 | plasma | 42 LAC patients with lymph node metastasis and 48 without lymph node metastasis | potential biomarker for lymph node metastasis in LAC | AUC = 0.812; sensitivity = 79.2%; specificity = 81% | He et al.199 |
| circ_0047921, circ_0056285 and circ_0007761 | serum | 30 NSCLC patients and 45 healthy controls | biomarkers for NSCLC diagnosis in Chinese population | AUC = 0.926 | Xian et al.200 |
| hsa_circ_0,002,130 | serum | 28 osimertinib-resistant NSCLC and 32 osimertinib-sensitive NSCLC patients | biomarker for osimertinib resistance in LC | AUC = 0.792 | Ma et al.172 |
| hsa_circ_0014235 and hsa_circ_0025580 | plasma | 30 pairs of LUSC patients and healthy controls | diagnostic biomarkers for LUSC | AUC = 0.8254 and 0.8003, respectively | Wang et al.73 |
| circ-MEMO1 | serum | 52 pairs of NSCLC tissue sample and adjacent normal tissues | biomarker for the early diagnosis for NSCLC | AUC = 0.76; sensitivity = 56.67%; specificity = 96% | Ding et al.170 |
| lncGAS5 | serum | 64 NSCLC patients | single diagnostic biomarker for NSCLC | AUC = 0.929; sensitivity = 85.94%; specificity = 70% | Li et al.201 |
| lncTBILA and lncAGAP2-AS1 | serum | 150 NSCLC patients | potential diagnostic biomarkers for NSCLC | AUC = 0.853 | Tao et al.202 |
| lncSOX2-OT | plasma | 75 LSCC patients and 79 healthy controls | noninvasive biomarker for LSCC | AUC = 0.815; sensitivity = 76%; specificity = 73.17% | Teng et al.88 |
| lncMALAT-1 | serum | 77 NSCLC patients | biomarker and therapeutic target for NSCLC | AUC = 0.73; sensitivity = 60.1%; specificity = 80.9% | Zhang et al.151 |
| lncRNA-p21 | plasma | 56 NSCLC patients | prognostic biomarker for NSCLC | AUC = 0.639 | Castellano et al.153 |
AUC, area under the curve; BAL, bronchoalveolar lavage; LUSC, lung squamous cell carcinoma; LSCC, lung squamous cell carcinoma.