Table 2.

Effects of digital health technology interventions on medication adherence and clinical tuberculosis outcomes.

No.	First author, year of publication	Interventiona	Medication adherence outcome (95% CI)				Clinical outcome (95% CI)
			Treatment completion	Treatment adherence	Missed doses	Noncompleted rate	Cure rate	Smear sputum conversion
1	Story et al, 2019 [20]	VOTb	ORc: 2.52 (1.17-5.54)	N/Ad	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
2	Chuck et al, 2016 [21]	VDOTe	RRf: 0.99 (0.93-1.05)	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
3	Lam et al, 2018 [22]	VDOT	RR: 1.36 (1.19-1.55)	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
4	Chen et al, 2020 [24]	VDOT	N/A	RR: 1.08 (0.89-1.32)	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
5	Kunawararak et a., 2011 [30]	Phone call reminder	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	RR: 1.30 (1.07-1.59)	N/A
6	Liu et al, 2015 [18]	SMS, medication monitor box, and combined	N/A	N/A	MRg: 0.94 (0.71-1.24) MR: 0.58 (0.42-0.79) MR: 0.49 (0.27-0.88)	N/A	N/A	N/A
7	Moulding & Caymittes, 2002 [31]	Medication monitor with counseling	N/A	N/A	N/A	RR: 0.55 (0.21-1.42)	N/A	N/A
8	Browne et al, 2019 [23]	Ingestible sensor	OR: 7.69 (4.51-14.48)	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
9	Fang et al, 2017 [25]	SMS reminder	RR: 1.10 (1.04-1.18)	N/A	RR: 0.40 (0.11-1.50)	N/A	N/A	N/A
10	Mohammed et al, 2016 [26]	SMS reminder	RR: 1.00 (0.79–1.26)	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	RR: 1.00 (0.90–1.12)
11	Belknap et al, 2017 [9]	SMS reminder	RR: 0.87 (0.81-0.94)	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
12	Bediang et al., 2018 [28]	SMS reminder	OR: 1.45 (0.81-2.56)	N/A	N/A	N/A	OR: 1.06 (0.65-1.73)	N/A
13	Johnston et al, 2018 [10]	SMS reminder	RR: 0.97 (0.88-1.07)	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
14	Iribarren et al, 2013 [29]	SMS reminder	RR: 0.99 (0.93-1.05)	RR: 1.05 (1.04-1.06)	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
15	Ali & Martin, 2019 [17]	SMS reminder	N/A	N/A	N/A	OR 1.67 (0.52-5.37)	OR: 2.47 (1.13-5.43)	N/A
16	Farooqi et al, 2017 [27]	SMS reminder	N/A	N/A	N/A	RR: 0.76 (0.18-3.28)	RR: 1.05 (0.62-1.76)	N/A

^aThe comparison group is provided in Table 1.

^bVOT: video-observed therapy.

^cOR: odds ratio.

^dN/A: not applicable.

^eVDOT: video directly observed therapy.

^fRR: relative risk.

^gMR: mean ratio.