Table 1.
Distribution of Demographic, Socio-economic, Health, Environmental and Nutritional related Factors on prevalence of ARI among children under five in Ethiopia from January 18 to June 27, 2016 (n = 9918)
| ARI STATUS | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Categories | Had no ARI | Had ARI | P-value |
| Count (%) | Count (%) | |||
| Sex of child | Male | 4632(91.5) | 430(8.5) | 0.839 |
| Female | 4449(91.6) | 407(8.4) | ||
| Child age | < 6 months | 1022(91.6) | 94(8.4) | |
| 6-11 months | 891(87.7) | 125(12.3) | < 0.001* | |
| 12-23 months | 1704(88.6) | 219(11.4) | ||
| 24-35 months | 1748(91.7) | 158(8.3) | ||
| 36-47 months | 1755(92.6) | 141(7.4) | ||
| 48-59 months | 1961(95.1) | 100(4.9) | ||
| Mothers age | 15-19 | 336(91.3) | 32(8.7) | |
| 20-34 | 6565(91.5) | 614(8.5) | 0.740 | |
| 35-49 | 2180(91.9) | 191(8.1) | ||
| Wealth index | Poorest | 3325(90.5) | 350(9.5) | < 0.001* |
| Poorer | 1493(89.7) | 171(10.3) | ||
| Middle | 1272(92.2) | 108(7.8) | ||
| Richer | 1134(93.3) | 81(6.7) | ||
| Richest | 1857(93.6) | 127(6.4) | ||
| Place of residence | Rural | 7325(91.1) | 720(8.9) | < 0.001* |
| Urban | 1756(93.7) | 117(6.3) | ||
| Mother education | No education | 5806(91.4) | 548(9.6) | < 0.001* |
| Primary | 2261(90.4) | 240(8.6) | ||
| Secondary and above | 1012(95.2) | 49(4.8) | ||
| Mother occupation | Not working | 6583(91.9) | 580(8.1) | 0.048* |
| Working | 2498(90.7) | 257(9.3) | ||
| Vitamin A supplement | No | 5134(91) | 505(9) | 0.034* |
| Yes | 3947(92.3) | 332(7.7) | ||
| Breast feeding | Never breast feed | 358(94.5) | 21(5.5) | < 0.001* |
| ever breast feed not currently | 4932(93.3) | 357(6.7) | ||
| Still breast feed | 3791(89.2) | 459(10.8) | ||
| History of diarrhea | No | 8249(93.6) | 565(6.4) | < 0.001* |
| Yes | 832(75.4) | 272(24.6) | ||
| Type of cooking fuel | Unclean/unsafe | 8599(91.4) | 810(8.6) | 0.009* |
| Clean/Safe | 482(94.7) | 27(5.3) | ||
| Wasting | Not wasted | 8058(91.8) | 723(8.2) | 0.041* |
| Wasted | 1023(90) | 114(10) | ||
| Stunting | Not stunted | 5880(92.8) | 458(7.2) | < 0.001* |
| Stunted | 3201(89.4) | 379(10.6) | ||
| Number of | 1-3 child | 4551(92) | 397(8) | 0.309 |
| child | 4-6 child | 3226(91.1) | 317(8.9) | |
| above 6 child | 1304(91.4) | 123(8.6) | ||
| Source of water | Unprotected | 5182(90.6) | 537(9.4) | 0.002* |
| Protected | 3899(92.8) | 300(7.2) | ||
| Region | Tigray | 835(84.7) | 151(15.3) | < 0.001* |
| Affar | 892(92.4) | 73(7.6) | ||
| Amhara | 824(89.2) | 100(10.8) | ||
| Oromia | 1272(85.6) | 214(14.4) | ||
| Somale | 1329(95.7) | 60(4.3) | ||
| Benishangul gumuz | 793(97.4) | 21(2.6) | ||
| SNNPS | 1081(90.3) | 116(9.7) | ||
| Gambela | 624(95.4) | 30(4.6) | ||
| Harari | 543(97.3) | 15(2.7) | ||
| Addis Ababa | 411(94.1) | 26(5.9) | ||
| Dire Dawa | 477(93.9) | 31(6.1) |
*significant, Pearson chi-square test was used to calculate the p-values