Table 2.
Characteristics of the overall analytic sample and according to the quality of care received
| Overall sample (n = 346a) |
Missing data | Receipt of minimally adequate mental health care | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (n = 134a) | No (n = 212a) | ||||
| n (%) | |||||
| Individual factors | |||||
| Type of CMD | |||||
| Depression alone | 46 (12.9) | 0 (0) | 20 (14.4) | 26 (11.9) | < 0.001 |
| Anxiety disorder alone | 274 (76.5) | 92 (66.2) | 182 (83.1) | ||
| Both | 38 (10.6) | 27 (19.4) | 11 (5.0) | ||
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 247 (69.0) | 0 (0) | 102 (73.4) | 145 (66.2) | 0.153 |
| Male | 111 (31.0) | 37 (26.6) | 74 (33.8) | ||
| Education | |||||
| 0–7 years | 104 (29.2) | 2 (0.6) | 36 (25.9) | 68 (31.3) | 0.271 |
| ≥ 8 years | 252 (70.8) | 103 (74.1) | 149 (68.7) | ||
| Marital status | |||||
| Married/living with a partner | 199 (55.6) | 0 (0) | 70 (50.4) | 129 (58.9) | 0.113 |
| Not married/living with a partner | 159 (44.4) | 69 (49.6) | 90 (41.1) | ||
| Material deprivation index | |||||
| 1 (lowest deprivation) | 67 (19.1) | 7 (2.0) | 31 (22.5) | 36 (16.9) | 0.764 |
| 2 | 73 (20.8) | 27 (19.6) | 46 (21.6) | ||
| 3 | 67 (19.1) | 26 (18.8) | 41 (19.2) | ||
| 4 | 72 (20.5) | 26 (18.8) | 46 (21.6) | ||
| 5 (higher deprivation) | 72 (20.5) | 28 (20.3) | 44 (20.7) | ||
| Social deprivation index | |||||
| 1 (lowest deprivation) | 60 (17.1) | 7 (2.0) | 21 (15.2) | 39 (18.3) | 0.218 |
| 2 | 60 (17.1) | 17 (12.3) | 43 (20.2) | ||
| 3 | 58 (16.5) | 27 (19.6) | 31 (14.6) | ||
| 4 | 83 (23.7) | 37 (26.8) | 46 (21.6) | ||
| 5 (higher deprivation) | 90 (25.6) | 36 (26.1) | 54 (25.3) | ||
| Mean (SD) | n (%) | Mean (SD) | p-value | ||
| Age | 73.52 (5.72) | 0 (0) | 73.43 (5.58) | 73.58 (5.82) | 0.811 |
| Cognitive status (22–30) | 28.10 (1.81) | 0 (0) | 28.10 (1.70) | 28.10 (1.88) | 0.999 |
| Number of chronic diseases (0–17) | 4.61 (2.55) | 0 (0) | 5.19 (2.88) | 4.24 (2.25) | 0.001 |
| Psychological distress (10–50) | 21.35 (7.46) | 12 (3.4) | 24.46 (7.89) | 19.39 (6.47) | < 0.001 |
| Severity of anxiety symptoms (0–21) | 5.95 (3.77) | 12 (3.4) | 7.07 (3.98) | 5.25 (3.45) | < 0.001 |
| Social support (0–3) | 2.76 (0.58) | 0 (0) | 2.75 (0.58) | 2.77 (0.58) | 0.708 |
| Number of daily hassles (0–32) | 10.55 (7.06) | 0 (0) | 11.28 (6.61) | 10.09 (7.30) | 0.120 |
| Health-related quality of life (0–100) | 70.10 (19.39) | 0 (0) | 66.80 (18.66) | 72.20 (19.59) | 0.010 |
| Satisfaction with life (5–25) | 19.88 (4.50) | 2 (0.6) | 18.51 (4.93) | 20.74 (3.99) | < 0.001 |
| Patients’ beliefs – mental health treatment (1–5) | 3.90 (1.20) | 20 (5.6) | 3.28 (1.01) | 3.28 (0.93) | 0.969 |
| Confidence in doctor to help with mental health issues (1–5) | 3.28 (0.96) | 17 (4.7) | 3.82 (1.20) | 3.95 (1.21) | 0.327 |
| Perceived adequacy of care for mental health problems (1–5) | 3.92 (1.28) | 45 (18.2) | 3.89 (1.26) | 3.95 (1.30) | 0.689 |
| Number of days alive in the three-year period | 1073.20 (98.51) | 0 (0) | 1080.67 (81.21) | 1068.47 (107.98) | 0.225 |
| Health system factor | n (%) | p-value | |||
| Type of primary care practices | |||||
| Small clinics (< 3 GP) | 140 (40) | 10 (2.8) | 52 (38.8) | 88 (41.1) | 0.668 |
| Large clinics (≥ 3 GP) | 208 (60) | 82 (61.2) | 126 (58.9) | ||
CMD Common mental disorders, GP general practitioners, SD Standard deviation
Significant results are in bold (p < 0.05)
aSample sizes vary according to study variables. The lowest sample sizes are presented