Table 1.
Univariate analysis of possible risk factors for POT after AADS
| Characteristic | Without POT n = 437 (%) | With POT n = 55 (%) | χ2/Z/t | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Male | 322 (73.7) | 50 (90.9) | 7.860 | 0.005 |
| Age (years) | 49.27 ± 11.33 | 52.58 ± 10.83 | 2.051 | 0.041 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.26 ± 3.65 | 25.93 ± 4.04 | 1.226 | 0.206 |
| Smoking history | 186 (42.6) | 30 (54.5) | 2.848 | 0.091 |
| Drinking history | 151 (34.6) | 25 (45.5) | 2.527 | 0.112 |
| Underlying conditions | ||||
| Hypertension | 292 (66.8) | 43 (78.2) | 2.903 | 0.088 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 19 (4.3) | 2 (3.6) | 0.061 | 0.806 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 5 (1.1) | 0 (0) | 0.636 | 0.425 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 71 (16.2) | 17 (30.9) | 7.150 | 0.007 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 63 (14.4) | 4 (7.3) | 2.119 | 0.145 |
| Renal insufficiency | 138 (31.6) | 35 (63.6) | 22.021 | < 0.001 |
| Gastrointestinal tract disease | 37 (8.5) | 5 (9.1) | 0.024 | 0.876 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 2 (0.5) | 2 (3.6) | 6.121 | 0.013 |
| Cardiac surgery history | 29 (6.6) | 3 (5.5) | 0.112 | 0.738 |
| General surgery history | 90 (20.6) | 11 (20.0) | 0.011 | 0.918 |
| NYHA class III-IV | 38 (8.7) | 3 (5.5) | 0.672 | 0.412 |
| Pulmonary artery hypertension | 14 (3.2) | 0 (0) | 1.814 | 0.178 |
| Pericardial effusion | 121 (27.7) | 12 (21.8) | 0.854 | 0.356 |
| Diameter of the left atrium (cm) | 3.5 (3.1, 3.9) | 3.7 (3.3, 4.0) | 2.459 | 0.014 |
| Diameter of the left ventricle (cm) | 4.8 (4.5, 5.3) | 4.7 (4.4, 5.2) | 0.889 | 0.374 |
| Diameter of the right atrium (cm) | 3.7 (3.5, 4.0) | 3.7 (3.5, 4.0) | 0.108 | 0.914 |
| Diameter of the right ventricle (cm) | 3.6 (3.3, 3.9) | 3.6 (3.4, 3.9) | 0.672 | 0.502 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction (%) | 62 (60, 65) | 62 (60, 65) | 0.340 | 0.733 |
| Laboratory values | ||||
| White blood cell count (× 109/L) | 9.8 (7.3, 12.5) | 12.1 (9.0, 14.7) | 3.350 | 0.001 |
| Red blood cell count (× 1012/L) | 4.2 (3.8, 4.6) | 4.3 (3.9, 4.7) | 1.404 | 0.160 |
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 127 (113, 139) | 132 (122, 142) | 1.831 | 0.067 |
| Platelet count (× 109/L) | 160 (127, 208) | 149 (119, 181) | 1.901 | 0.057 |
| Serum creatinine (μmol/L) | 78.0 (65.2, 109.0) | 83.0 (69.0, 115.5) | 2.840 | 0.005 |
| Serum albumin (g/L) | 37.8 (35.0, 40.9) | 37.8 (33.6, 40.5) | 0.497 | 0.619 |
| Serum globulin (g/L) | 25.6 (22.9, 28.3) | 25.6 (22.0, 28.3) | 0.316 | 0.752 |
| Operative variables | ||||
| Surgical types | 0.080 | 0.999 | ||
| Isolated AADS | 286 (65.4) | 36 (65.5) | ||
| Combined valve surgery | 98 (22.4) | 12 (21.8) | ||
| Combined coronary artery bypass grafting | 23 (5.3) | 3 (5.5) | ||
| Combined valve and coronary surgery | 24 (5.5) | 3 (5.5) | ||
| Combined other types of cardiac surgery | 6 (1.2) | 1 (0.2) | ||
| Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest | 257 (58.8) | 33 (60.0) | 0.029 | 0.866 |
| Cardiopulmonary bypass time (minutes) | 209 (174, 256) | 229 (196, 264) | 2.025 | 0.043 |
| Aortic cross clamp time (minutes) | 120 (96, 147) | 121 (107, 148) | 1.487 | 0.137 |
| Transfusion of red blood cells (units) | 5 (4, 7) | 7 (5, 9) | 5.257 | < 0.001 |
| Transfusion of platelet (units) | 3 (2, 4) | 4 (3, 7) | 5.009 | < 0.001 |
AADS, Stanford type A acute aortic dissection surgery; POT, postoperative tracheostomy