Figure 1.

Mean percentage of participants who made errors in shadowing at different locations of the to-be-shadowed word (X axis): one position before the critical word was presented in the irrelevant channel, concurrently with its presentation, and one, two, and three positions after the critical word. Among critical-word conditions and participant reactions to them (graph parameter), the top, dashed line with filled circles shows the pattern for individuals who noticed their name according to the post-shadowing questionnaire. In parentheses is the number of participants for each situation. The error bars depict the standard errors of the means. Standard errors of the line for shadowing errors in 5 participants who noticed words other than their own name, omitted for clarity, are 20 (word −1), 25 (word), 20 (word +1), 0 (word +2), and 20 (word +3).