Table 2. Analytical and biomarker characteristics among COVID-19 survivors according to disease severity.
| All of them (n = 108) | Mild/moderate (n = 58) | Severe (n = 50) | P value | |
| Serum parameters, median (p25; p75) | ||||
| WBC count, cells/μL | 6.1 (5.1; 6.6) | 6.01 (5.0; 6.5) | 6.2 (5.3; 6.7) | 0.299 |
| Glucose, mg/dL | 95.0 (90.0; 111.0) | 93.0 (87.5; 101.0) | 100.5 (94.0; 117.7) | 0.002 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.8 (0.7; 0.9) | 0.8 (07; 0.9) | 0.9 (0.8; 1.0) | 0.048 |
| ACE2, ng/mL | 2.4 (0.8; 11.4) | 2.5 (0.7; 12.2) | 2.2 (0.8; 10.8) | 0.803 |
| ALT, UI/L | 22.0 (17.0; 33.0) | 24.0 (16.0; 33.0) | 22.0 (17.0; 32.2) | 0.915 |
| AST, UI/L | 22.0 (19.0; 26.0) | 23.0 (19.0; 27.0) | 22.0 (19.7; 32.2) | 0.268 |
| LDH, UI/L | 189.0 (170.0; 218.0) | 187.0 (171.0; 225.5) | 193.5 (168.5; 216.5) | 0.891 |
| CRP g/dL | 3.3 (1.0; 4.0) | 3.9 (1.0; 4.0) | 3.1 (1.0; 4.0) | 0.875 |
| Serum biomarkers, median (P25; p75) | ||||
| CDCP1 | 2.5 (2.0; 2.9) | 2.3 (2.0; 2.8) | 2.8 (2.3; 3.0) | 0.001 |
| OPG | 9.9 (9.7; 10.0) | 9.8 (9.7; 10.0) | 10.0 (0.8; 10.1) | 0.034 |
| IL6 | 2.0 (1.7; 2.5) | 1.9 (1.6; 2.4) | 2.3 (1.8; 2.7) | 0.014 |
| IL15RA | 1.3 (1.1; 1.4) | 1.2 (1.1; 1.4) | 1.3 (1.1; 1.5) | 0.011 |
| IL18 | 8.6 (8.3; 8.9) | 8.5 (8.2; 8.8) | 8.6 (8.5; 9.2) | 0.005 |
| CX3CL1 | 4.0 (3.7; 4.2) | 3.9 (3.7; 4.1) | 3.1 (3.8; 4.4) | 0.036 |
| Sputum biomarkers, median (P25; p75) | ||||
| MCP3 | 0.7 (0.4; 1.4) | 0.7 (0.4; 1.2) | 0.9 (0.5; 2.3) | 0.039 |
Biomarkers are presented as median of the NPX values. Note: ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; ALT, Alanine aminotransferase; AST, Aspartate aminotransferase; CDCP1, CUB domain-containing protein 1; CRP, C-reactive protein; CX3CL1, Fractalkine; IL6, Interleukin 6; IL15RA, Interleukin 15 receptor subunit alpha; IL18, Interleukin 18; LDH, Lactate dehydrogenase; MCP3, Monocyte chemotactic protein 3; OPG, Osteoprotegerin; WBC, White blood cell count.