Table 1.
Demographic characteristics, smoking status, renal function, and impact of comorbidities of healthy subjects (HSs) and patients with ccRCC whose urine was studied. Appropriate statistical tests were applied to evaluate the difference between HSs and ccRCC patients.
| HSs (n = 28) |
ccRCC Patients (n = 28) |
Passed KS 1 Test |
Statistics | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 15 | 17 | Not Applicable |
Fisher’s exact test p = 0.7875 |
| Female | 13 | 11 | ||
| Age | ||||
| Mean ± S.D. 2 | 60.79 ± 11.73 | 65.00 ± 12.96 | Yes | Unpaired t-test p = 0.2075 |
| Range | 39–88 | 41–84 | ||
| Smoke | ||||
| Smoker/ex-smoker | 18 | 16 | Not Applicable |
Fisher’s exact test p = 0.7848 |
| Nonsmoker | 10 | 12 | ||
| Serum creatinine (mL/dL) | ||||
| Mean ± S.D. 2 | 0.80 ± 0.18 | 0.94 ± 0.34 | No | Mann-Whitney test p = 0.1504 |
| Range | 0.50–1.21 | 0.63–2.16 | ||
| eGFR 3 (EPI-CKD 4 equation, mL/min × 1.73 m2) | ||||
| Mean ± S.D. 2 | 90.59 ± 18.67 | 81.65 ± 20.19 | Yes | Unpaired t-test p = 0.0979 |
| Range | 54–126 | 33–112 | ||
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | ||||
| Mean ± S.D. 2 | 2.00 ± 1.41 | 3.32 ± 2.58 | No | Mann-Whitney test p = 0.0719 |
| Range | 0–5 | 0–9 | ||
1 Kolmogorov-Smirnov. 2 Standard Deviation. 3 Glomerular Filtration Rate. 4 Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration.