Table 5.
Microalgae or derivates approved for adding in milk and dairy products.
| Food Authority | Microalgae or Derivate | Food Category | Maximum Levels or Maximum Daily Intake | Additional Specific Labelling Requirements | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EFSA (EU) | Arthrospira platensis | Milk and dairy products | Unlimited a | - | EC 258/97 [114] |
| Chlorella luteoviridis | Milk and dairy products | Unlimited a | - | EC 258/97 [114] | |
| Chlorella pyrenoidosa | Milk and dairy products | Unlimited a | - | EC 258/97 [114] | |
| Chlorella vulgaris | Milk and dairy products | Unlimited a | - | EC 258/97 [114] | |
| Euglena gracilis | Yogurt and yogurt beverages | 0.15 g/100 g | Labelling must content the term “dried biomass of Euglena gracilis algae”. | EC 2017/2470 [115] | |
| Schizochytrium sp. oil rich in DHA and EPA | Dairy products except milk-based beverages | 0.6 g/100 g for cheese; 0.2 g/100 g for milk products (including milk, fromage frais and yogurt products) | Labelling must content the term “oil from the microalgae Schizochytrium sp.” | EC 2017/2470 [115] | |
| Ulkenia sp. Algal oil rich in DHA | Milk-based beverages | 0.06 g/100 mL of DHA | Labelling must content the term “oil from the micro-algae Ulkenia sp.” | EC 2017/2470 [115] | |
| FDA (USA) | Dunaliella bardawil | Low-fat cheese, spreadable cheese and cottage cheese | 0.01 g/100 g | - | GNR 276 [116] |
| Arthrospira platensis | Milk and dairy products | 3 g per serving b | - | GNR 417 [116] | |
| Euglena gracilis | Milk and dairy products | 0.208 g/100 g for prebiotic and yogurt beverages; 0.222 g/100 g for yogurt | - | GNR 697 [116] | |
| Chlorella protothecoides | Milk and dairy products | 1 g/100 g for milk; 1.35 g/100 g for yogurt, cheese and ice cream | - | GNR 519 [116] | |
| Chlorella vulgaris | Milk | 1.5 g/100 g | - | GNR 396 [116] | |
| Prototheca moriformis structuring fat | Milk and dairy products | 20 g/100 g for butter; 2 g/100 g for milk products | - | GNR 673 [116] | |
| FSSAI (India) | Chlorella vulgaris | Milk and dairy products | 4 g per day | - | FSSAI [117] |
| Arthrospira platensis | Milk and dairy products | 3 g per day | - | FSSAI [117] | |
| Phycocyanin from Arthrospira platensis dried powder | Milk and dairy products | 50 mg per day | - | FSSAI [117] | |
| Astaxanthin powder from Haematococcus pluvalis | Milk and dairy products | 4 mg per day | - | FSSAI [117] | |
| ANZFA (Australia and New Zealand) | Schizochytrium sp. | Milk products | 0.075 g/100 g | - | A428 [118] |
| Schizochytrium sp. oil rich in DHA | Milk products | 260 mg of DHA per day in Australia; 280 mg of DHA per day in New Zealand | - | A428 [118] |
a Used prior to May 1997 in EU Novel Food catalog; b serving sizes based on the USA FDA Reference Amounts Customarily Consumed per Eating Occasion (RACCs) [119].