Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study sample by steroid-exposure status in the 12 months prior to ICI initiation.
| Characteristic | Total Participants (N = 1671) |
No Steroids (N = 807) |
Steroids (N = 864) |
p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | 0.088 | |||
| Male | 1189 (71.2) | 590 (73.1) | 599 (69.2) | |
| Female | 482 (28.9) | 217 (26.9) | 265 (30.7) | |
| Race | 0.702 | |||
| White | 1626 (97.3) | 784 (97.2) | 842 (97.5) | |
| Non-white | 45 (2.7) | 23 (2.9) | 22 (2.5) | |
| Marital status | 0.234 | |||
| Missing and unknown | 193 (11.6) | 86 (10.7) | 107 (12.4) | |
| Single (never married), Unmarried or domestic partner (same sex or opposite sex or unregistered) | 196 (11.7) | 97 (12.0) | 99 (11.5) | |
| Widowed, divorced, and separated | 254 (15.2) | 136 (16.9) | 118 (13.7) | |
| Married (including common law) | 1028 (61.5) | 488 (60.5) | 540 (62.5) | |
| Age at diagnosis, median (IQR) | 69 (63–75) | 69 (64–76) | 68 (63–74) | |
| Age at diagnosis | 0.009 | |||
| <60 | 244 (14.6) | 113 (14.0) | 131 (15.2) | |
| 60–69 | 648 (38.8) | 295 (36.6) | 353 (40.9) | |
| 70–79 | 583 (32.9) | 283 (35.1) | 300 (34.7) | |
| 80+ | 196 (11.7) | 116 (14.4) | 80 (9.3) | |
| Age at first ICI use, median (IQR) | 75 (70–81) | 75 (70–81) | 74 (69–80) | |
| Year of diagnosis | 0.554 | |||
| 1991–1999 | 107 (6.4) | 46 (6.0) | 61 (6.7) | |
| 2000–2005 | 278 (16.6) | 129 (16.9) | 149 (16.4) | |
| 2006–2010 | 470 (28.1) | 204 (26.7) | 266 (29.3) | |
| 2011–2015 | 816 (48.8) | 385 (50.4) | 431 (47.5) | |
| Sequence | 0.094 | |||
| Only | 807 (48.3) | 411 (50.9) | 396 (45.8) | |
| 1st | 691 (41.4) | 313 (38.8) | 378 (43.8) | |
| Subsequent (2nd–11th) | 173 (10.4) | 83 (10.3) | 90 (10.4) | |
| Charlson comorbidity index | 0.043 | |||
| 0 | 973 (58.2) | 495 (61.4) | 478 (55.4) | |
| 1 | 336 (20.1) | 152 (18.9) | 184 (21.3) | |
| ≥2 | 360 (21.5) | 159 (19.7) | 201 (23.2) | |
| SEER region | 0.185 | |||
| Northeast | 386 (23.1) | 196 (24.3) | 190 (21.6) | |
| South | 344 (20.6) | 150 (18.6) | 194 (22.5) | |
| North Central | 132 (7.9) | 69 (8.6) | 63 (7.3) | |
| West | 809 (49.4) | 392 (48.6) | 417 (48.3) | |
| State buy in 1 | 0.080 | |||
| Yes | 255(15.2) | 136 (16.9) | 119 (13.8) | |
| No | 1416 (84.7) | 671 (83.2) | 745 (86.2) | |
| Clinical T stage at diagnosis | 0.01 | |||
| T0 | 91 (5.5) | 32 (4.0) | 59 (6.8) | |
| T1 | 322 (19.3) | 165 (20.5) | 157 (18.2) | |
| T2 | 178 (10.7) | 79 (9.8) | 99 (11.5) | |
| T3 | 70 (4.2) | 36 (4.5) | 34 (3.9) | |
| T4 | 706 (42.3) | 362 (44.9) | 344 (49.1) | |
| TX | 284 (17.0) | 128 (15.9) | 156 (18.1) | |
| Clinical N stage at diagnosis | 0.675 | |||
| N0 | 964 (57.7) | 459 (55.9) | 505 (58.5) | |
| N1 | 210 (12.6) | 109 (13.5) | 101 (11.7) | |
| NX | 119 (7.12) | 59 (7.3) | 60 (6.9) | |
| missing | 377 (22.6) | 180 (22.3) | 197 (22.8) | |
| Clinical M stage at diagnosis | 0.432 | |||
| M0 | 1292 (77.3) | 631 (78.2) | 661 (76.5) | |
| All M1 | 153 (0.1) | 65 (0.1) | 88 (0.1) | |
| MX | 194 (11.6) | 91 (11.3) | 103 (11.9) | |
| Missing | 32 (1.9) | 20 (2.5) | 12 (1.4) | |
| Melanoma specific mortality as of 31 December 2016 | 0.712 | |||
| Dead | 398 (23.8) | 189 (22.4) | 209 (24.2) | |
| Alive | 1273 (76.2) | 618 (76.6) | 655 (75.8) | |
| All-cause mortality as of 31 December 2016 | 0.011 | |||
| Dead | 1031 (61.7) | 482 (59.7) | 549 (63.5) | |
| Alive | 640 (38.3) | 325 (40.3) | 315 (36.5) |
1 State buy-in: indicating that the state pays part or all of the patient’s Medicare Part B premium or that the person is in the Medicaid program, bolt values represent significant values.