Figure 14.

Acupuncture-induced transient accumulation of interstitial ATP in treated acupoints. (a), Representative trace of ATP concentration in response to needling manipulation, dominated by twirling-rotating (~100 times/min), supplemented with lifting-thrusting (~80 times/min). ATP in the interstitial space was collected with microdialysis method and assayed with luciferase-luciferin assay. (b) Comparison of [eATP] of baseline (t = 0), peak and termination of AP. See Figure 5 legend for the establishment of the inflammation pain and acupuncture intervention. The data represent averages + SEM (n = 4) and are based on data from Zuo et al. (2022) [74].