Table 2.
A comparison of health and daily-life-related factors during classes online and in-person.
| Characteristic | Classes Online | Classes in Person | Wilcoxon Test Statistic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Quality of studies a | 7 (0–10) | 8 (0–10) | −12.435 *** |
| Mental health a | 7 (0–10) | 6 (0–10) | −2.220 * |
| Physical health a | 7 (0–10) | 8 (0–10) | −9.176 *** |
| Sleep quality a | 9 (0–10) | 5 (0–10) | −19.489 *** |
| Well-being (exhausted vs. well-rested) a | 8 (0–10) | 4 (0–10) | −14.733 *** |
| Hours of studying per day b | 7.5 (2.7) | 9.2 (2.6) | −15.580 *** |
| Hours of sleep per day b | 8.1 (1.2) | 6.2 (1.2) | −19.509 *** |
| Hours of commute per day b | n/a | 1.7 (0.9) | n/a |
| Minutes outside per day b | 63.5 (62.0) | 82.4 (67.8) | −6.848 *** |
| Minutes of physical activity per day b | 53.3 (55.7) | 63.0 (62.7) | −4.344 *** |
a—value on a scale from 0 (worst) to 10 (best); median (range); b—mean (standard deviation); n/a—not applicable; *—p < 0.05; ***—p < 0.001.