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. 2022 Mar 1;11(5):846. doi: 10.3390/cells11050846

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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The NSC niche in the spinal cord. (A) Location of the central canal and PVZ. (B) The PVZ is composed of stem cells, multi-ciliated ependymal cells, cerebrospinal fluid contacting cells (CSFcNs), and tanycytes and is influenced by niche-associated astrocytes, oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), microglia/macrophages, matrix components and exosomes. Each of these factors regulate NSCs in the uninjured (left) spinal cord. Following injury (right), the microenvironment is modified and leads to changes in the NSC pool.