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TNFα, M1 macrophage polarization-associated cytokine, gene expression (A), and release (B) and IL-10, M2 macrophage polarization-associated cytokine, gene expression (C), and release (D). M0 macrophages were incubated with LPS + IFNγ (M1 control), IL-4 (M2 control), or LPS + INFγ + CPH (50 and 100 μg/mL for 24 h). Values are presented as means ± SD (n = 3). Different letters denote statistical differences (p < 0.05).
