Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of cohort baseline population, stratified by case-control
| Demographic | Baseline data, n (%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| diabetes cases | Control | Sum | |
| n1=622 (freq %) | n2=622 (freq %) | N=1,244 (freq %) | |
|
| |||
| Age (years), n (%) | |||
| <40 | 56 (9.00) | 53 (8.52) | 109 (8.76) |
| 40~ | 207 (33.28) | 222 (35.69) | 429 (34.49) |
| 50~ | 180 (28.94) | 160 (25.72) | 340 (27.33) |
| 60~ | 123 (19.77) | 125 (20.10) | 248 (19.94) |
| ≥70 | 56 (9.00) | 62 (9.97) | 118 (9.49) |
| Education, n (%) | |||
| Uneducated | 24 (3.86) | 20 (3.22) | 44 (3.54) |
| High school or less | 474 (76.21) | 467 (75.08) | 941 (75.64) |
| Undergraduate | 124 (19.94) | 135 (21.70) | 259 (20.82) |
| Graduated or above | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) |
| Smoking index (pack-year), n (%) * | |||
| No | 282 (45.34) | 275 (44.21) | 557 (44.77) |
| 0~6.62 | 39 (6.27) | 45 (7.23) | 84 (6.75) |
| 6.63~14.07 | 68 (10.93) | 75 (12.06) | 143 (11.50) |
| 14.08~23.28 | 60 (9.65) | 77 (12.38) | 137 (11.01) |
| ≥23.29 | 173 (27.81) | 150 (24.12) | 323 (25.96) |
| Alcohol index (kilogram-year), n (%) † | |||
| No | 413 (66.40) | 438 (70.42) | 851 (68.41) |
| 0~72.26 | 27 (4.34) | 28 (4.50) | 55 (4.42) |
| 72.27~167.53 | 50 (8.04) | 45 (7.23) | 95 (7.64) |
| 167.54~380.11 | 61 (9.81) | 51 (8.20) | 112 (9.00) |
| ≥380.12 | 71 (11.41) | 60 (9.65) | 131 (10.53) |
| Exercise, n (%) ‡ | |||
| No | 67 (10.77) | 73 (11.74) | 140 (11.25) |
| Occasionally | 218 (35.05) | 247 (39.71) | 465 (37.38) |
| Often | 337 (54.18) | 302 (48.55) | 639 (51.37) |
| BMI Categories, n (%) | |||
| ≤18.5 | 11 (1.77) | 26 (4.18) | 37 (2.97) |
| 18.5~ | 183 (29.42) | 306 (49.20) | 489 (39.31) |
| 24.0~ | 284 (45.66) | 230 (36.98) | 514 (41.32) |
| ≥28 | 144 (23.15) | 60 (9.65) | 204 (16.40) |
| Hypertension status, n (%) | |||
| Normal (<120/80 mmHg) | 133 (21.38) | 250 (40.19) | 383 (45.42) |
| Elevated (120–129/<80 mmHg) | 177 (28.46) | 174 (27.97) | 143 (17.33) |
| Stage I (130–139/80–89 mmHg) | 189 (30.39) | 139 (22.35) | 120 (14.55) |
| Stage II (>=140/90 mmHg) | 123 (19.77) | 59 (9.49) | 179 (21.70) |
| T2MD family history, n (%) | |||
| Yes | 128 (20.50) | 83 (13.41) | 211 (16.38) |
| No | 494 (79.50) | 539 (86.59) | 1,033 (83.05) |
*
: Smoking index was categorized by the quartile distribution of pack-year based on the distribution of diabetes-free population at baseline.
†
: Alcohol index was categorized by the quartile distribution of alcohol intake weight based on the distribution of the diabetes-free population at baseline.
‡
: Exercise last more than 30 minutes was defined as a valid exercise; Occasionally exercise was defined as exercise less than 3 times per week; Often exercise is defined as at least 3 times per week, each time lasts more than 30 minutes.