Akt	Protein kinase B
ALDOA	Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase A
ARST	ALDOA-Related Specific Transcript
ASK1	Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1
ATIP1	AT2 receptor interacting protein
BCNU	carmustine
BEJ	base excision repair
CAR-T	chimeric antigen receptor T
CBX 7	Chromobox 7
CCND2	Cyclin D2
CCNU	lomustine
CDK	Cyclin dependent kinase
CDR1	Cerebellar degeneration-related protein
CIC	Capicua (Transcriptional suppressor)
CK2	Casein kinase-2
CRISPR	clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats
CRNDE	Colorectal Neoplasia Differentially Expressed
CSC	cancer stem cell
CXCR4	Chemokine receptor-4
DAMPs	Damage-associated molecular pattern
DC	Dendritic cells
DDR	DNA damage response
DDRd	DNA damage repair deficiency
DSBs	double-strand breaks base
Ebp1	ErbB3-binding protein 1
EGFR	Epidermal growth factor receptor
EMT	Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
EV	Extracellular vesicles
Fbxw7	F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 7
GAP	GTPase-activating proteins
GDH1	Glutamate dehydrogenase 1
GLUT 1	Glucose transporter 1
GSC	glioma stem cells
GSK-3β	Glycogen synthase kinase-3β
HMGA	High mobility group A
HR	homologous recombination
IDO	indoleamine 2:3-dioxygenase
IKK	IκB kinase
IR	Ionizing radiation
JNK	c-Jun N-terminal kinases
MAPK	mitogen-activated protein kinase
MCL-1	Myeloid leukemia 1
MDM2	Mouse double minute 2 homolog
MDM4	Mouse double minute 4 homolog
MEK	Mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase
MGMT	O6- methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase
MHY-9	Myosin Heavy Chain 9
MiR	micro RNA
MK 2	MAPK-activated protein kinase 2
MMP	Matrix Metalloproteinase
mTOR	mammalian target of rapamycin
MTSG1	Mitochondrial tumour suppressor
MTUS1	TUS1 (Microtubule Associated Scaffold Protein 1)
NDRG1	N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1
NF-1	neurofibromin 1
NHEJ	non-homologous end joining
NHEJ	Non-homologous end joining
NKAP	NF-κB activating protein
p53	Tumour protein p53
PARP	Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase
PDGF	platelet-derived growth factor
PDK1	phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1
PFKP	Platelet isoform of phosphofructokinase
PI3K	Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
PIM	Proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase
POU	Pituitary specific Pit1, Octamer transcription factor protein, Unc-86 transcription factor
PPARγ	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ
PPDR	Pleiotropic Drug Resistance
Pt-1-DMCa	Platinum analogue Pt-MBL-III_7-D_MCa
PTEN	Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog Deleted from Chromosome 10
RAD 51	DNA repair protein RAD51
RB1	p16INK4a/CDK-4/Retinoblastoma 1
RNAi	RNA interference
RTK	Receptor Tyrosine kinase
RTK	Tyrosine receptor kinases
Sh RNA	Short hairpin RNA
SHH	sonic hedgehog homolog
siRNA	Small interfering RNA
SIRT1	Sirtuin 1
SNRPG	Small Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein Polypeptide G
Sox	SRY-Box Transcription Factor
SSBs	Single-strand breaks
STAT	Signal transducers and activators of transcriptome
STKs	specific protein kinases
TAMs	tumour-associated macrophages
TCGA	The Cancer Genome Atlas
TGF-β	growth factor-beta
THTMP	2-[(3:4-dihydroquinolin-1(2H)-yl)(p-tolyl)methyl]phenol
TIGAR	Tp53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator
TKTL1	Transketolase Like 1
TME	tumour microenvironment
TMZ	Temozolomide
TNFα	Tumour Necrosis Factor α
TSG	Tumour suppressor genes
VEGF	vascular endothelial growth factor