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. 2022 Feb 26;23(5):2596. doi: 10.3390/ijms23052596

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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TUNEL assay (400×) of simvastatin effects on alveolar epithelial cells apoptosis in inflammatory injury induced by LPS (a–d). The apoptotic indices (AIs) refer to the relative number of TUNEL-positive alveolar epithelial cells (shown as brown-stained nuclei, and with arrows). AI (shown as white columns) is markedly increased in LPS group (b) while in groups pretreated with 20 mg/kg of simvastatin (c) and 40 mg/kg simvastatin prior to LPS (d), it decreased significantly and in a dose-dependent manner. Semiquantitative analysis of apoptotic cells counted in the immunohistochemically stained lung tissue for cleaved caspase-3 and corresponding frequencies of TUNEL-positive alveolar epithelial cells expressed as AIs (^# p < 0.05 vs. LPS group, * p < 0.05 vs. 20 mg/kg of simvastatin group, ** p < 0.01 vs. LPS group) (e).

TUNEL assay (400×) of simvastatin effects on alveolar epithelial cells apoptosis in inflammatory injury induced by LPS (a–d). The apoptotic indices (AIs) refer to the relative number of TUNEL-positive alveolar epithelial cells (shown as brown-stained nuclei, and with arrows). AI (shown as white columns) is markedly increased in LPS group (b) while in groups pretreated with 20 mg/kg of simvastatin (c) and 40 mg/kg simvastatin prior to LPS (d), it decreased significantly and in a dose-dependent manner. Semiquantitative analysis of apoptotic cells counted in the immunohistochemically stained lung tissue for cleaved caspase-3 and corresponding frequencies of TUNEL-positive alveolar epithelial cells expressed as AIs (^# p < 0.05 vs. LPS group, * p < 0.05 vs. 20 mg/kg of simvastatin group, ** p < 0.01 vs. LPS group) (e).