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. 2022 Feb 26;23(5):2596. doi: 10.3390/ijms23052596

Figure 10.

Figure 10

Simvastatin increased NF-kB/p65 expression in alveolar epithelial cells and macrophages in LPS-induced inflammation. Representative images of pulmonary parenchyma that were challenged with LPS or pretreated with 20 mg/kg of simvastatin or 40 mg/kg of simvastatin, respectively, prior to LPS, assessed by immunohistochemistry (400×). (a) Control group shows rare NF-kB/p65-positive cells. (b) In the LPS group, a significant number of alveolar epithelial cells and macrophages are positive for NF-kB/p65 in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus. Intensive nuclear staining indicates increased NF-kB/p65 expression (arrows) in alveolar epithelial cells and macrophages in the 20 mg/kg of simvastatin (c) and 40 mg/kg of simvastatin groups (d). (e) Semiquantitative analysis of NF-kB/p65-positive cells in selected fields, * p < 0.01 vs. the LPS group, ** p < 0.05 vs. 20 mg/kg of simvastatin.