| SLs | Sphingolipids |
| AD | Adults |
| AG | Aged |
| C | Centenarians |
| Cer | Ceramide |
| dhCer | Dihydroceramide |
| HexCer | Hexosylceramide |
| Sph | Sphingosine |
| DhSph | Dihydrosphingosine |
| S1P | Sphingosine-1-phosphate |
| dhS1P | Dihydrosphingosine-1-phosphate |
| SM | Sphingomyelin |
| CVD | Cardiovascular diseases |
| T2DM | Type 2 diabetes |
| ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
| TRXR1 | Thioredoxin reductase 1 |
| ADH5/GSNOR | Alcohol Dehydrogenase 5 |
| GlcCer | Glucosylceramide |
| PBMC | Peripheral blood mononuclear cell |
| BMI | Body Mass Index |
| dhSM | Dihydrosphingomyelin |
| DihexCer | Dihexosylceramide |
| GM3 | Monosialoganglioside GM3 |
| SPTLC1 | Serine Palmitoyltransferase Long Chain Base Subunit 1 |
| SPTLC2 | Serine Palmitoyltransferase Long Chain Base Subunit 2 |
| SPTLC3 | Serine Palmitoyltransferase Long Chain Base Subunit 3 |
| SMPD1 | Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase 1/acid sphingomyelinase |
| SMPD3 | Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase 3/neutral sphingomyelinase 2 |
| SMPD4 | Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase 4/neutral sphingomyelinase 3 |
| SGMS1 | Sphingomyelin Synthase 1 |
| CERS2 | Ceramide Synthase 2 |
| SPHK1 | Sphingosine Kinase 1 |
| UGCG | UDP-Glucose Ceramide Glucosyltransferase |
| DEGS1 | Delta 4-Desaturase Sphingolipid 1 |
| ST3GAL5 | ST3 Beta-Galactoside Alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase |
| CSF | Cerebrospinal fluid |
| JNK | Stress-activated c-Jun N-terminal kinase |
| ER | Endoplasmic reticulum |
| NO | Nitric oxide |
| RNS | Reactive nitrogen species |
| O-- | Superoxide anion radical |
| H2O2 | Hydrogen peroxide |
| PTEN | Phosphatase and tensin homologue |
| PRX | Peroxiredoxins |