Table 3.

Comparison of imaging studies by NYHA classification of hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Variables *	NYHA I (n = 29)	NYHA II (n = 44)	NYHA III (n = 35)	NYHA IV (n = 23)	p-Value
Cardiac ultrasound
Left ventricle ejection fraction					0.040
≥40%	7 (24.1%)	8 (18.2%)	5 (14.3%)	2 (8.7%)
40–30%	9 (31.0%)	11 (25.0%)	4 (11.4%)	1 (4.4%)
<30%	13 (44.9%)	25 (56.8%)	26 (72.3%)	20 (86.9%)
Atrial fibrillation/flutter	8 (27.6%)	10 (22.7%)	9 (25.7%)	9 (39.1%)	0.547
Cardiac thrombus	2 (6.9%)	3 (6.8%)	3 (8.6%)	2 (8.7%)	0.986
Mitral valve stenosis	-	3 (6.8%)	4 (11.4%)	2 (8.7%)	0.361
Mitral valve regurgitation	4 (13.8%)	5 (11.4%)	3 (8.6%)	3 (13.0%)	0.918
Aortic valve stenosis	1 (3.4%)	1 (2.3%)	1 (2.9%)	-	0.858
Aortic valve regurgitation	2 (6.9%)	3 (6.8%)	1 (2.9%)	2 (8.7%)	0.744
Segmental wall motion abnormality	4 (13.8%)	4 (9.1%)	3 (8.6%)	5 (21.7%)	0.415
Pericardial effusion	2 (6.9%)	3 (6.8%)	2 (5.7%)	2 (8.7%)	0.978
Right ventricular dysfunction	3 (10.3%)	3 (6.8%)	1 (2.9%)	2 (8.7%)	0.671
High pulmonary artery pressure **	-	2 (4.5%)	1 (2.9%)	1 (4.4%)	0.710
Lung injury on CT scan					0.014
Mild (˂30%)	14 (48.3%)	17 (38.6%)	11 (31.4%)	3 (13.0%)
Moderate (30–60%)	8 (27.6%)	19 (43.2%)	9 (25.7%)	7 (30.4%)
Severe (>60%)	7 (24.1%)	8 (18.2%)	15 (42.9%)	13 (56.5%)

* Data reported as n (frequency) unless specified differently; CT—Computed Tomography; ** Higher than 25 mmHg.