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. 2022 Feb 26;11(5):1282. doi: 10.3390/jcm11051282

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Gene therapy techniques. (A) Transduction uses a vector to deliver genetic material into the cell. (B) Lipofection: Liposomes become incorporated by the cell and releases genetic material after destruction of the endosome membrane (C) Sonoporation: Genetic information gets channeled either directly by ultrasound or via bursting microbubbles (D) Electroporation brings genetic material via electrically conductive pores into the cell.