Table 3.

Biological functions of XBP1-s.

Functions	Related Genes	Effect	Ref
ER homeostasis	KLF9	Maintain ER homeostasis	[23]
	MIST1	Relieve cellular pressure	[24]
Lipid metabolism	C/EBPα	Promote adipogenesis	[29]
	PPARγ2	Promote adipogenesis	[25]
	SREBP-1	Promote adipogenesis	[26]
	Wnt10b	Promote adipogenesis	[56]
Insulin metabolism	PDI	Increase insulin synthesis	[30]
	FoxO1	Maintain glucose homeostasis	[61]
	PPARγ2	Enhance glucose uptake	[67]
Development	Has2	Promote follicle maturation	[70]
	Ptgs2	Promote follicle maturation	[70]
	IL-6	Promote plasma cell differentiation	[73]
	IL-5	Promote Th2 cell differentiation	[76]
	IL-13	Promote Th2 cell differentiation	[76]
	IL-17	Promote Th17 cell differentiation	[77]
	RORγt	Promote Th17 cell differentiation	[77]
	KLRF1	Promote CD8+ T cell differentiation	[134]
	c-Myc	Promote NK cell proliferation	[81]
	GATA1	Promote eosinophil differentiation	[40]
Inflammatory response	IL-8	Enhance inflammation	[7]
	CCL5	Enhance inflammation	[7]
Memory function	ADAM10	Ameliorate the progression of AD	[22]
	BDNF	Restore synaptic plasticity	[31]
	Kal7	Restore synaptic plasticity	[37]
Motor function	FoxO1	Improve motor ability	[91]
	SOD1	Slow the progression of ALS	[93]
Antiviral	ATG3	Inhibit virus replication	[98]
	Beclin1	Inhibit virus replication	[98]
Oncogene	TAp73	Promote cell proliferation	[100]
	HIF-1α	Promote cell proliferation	[102]
	IL-6	Promote cell proliferation	[34]
	NCOA3	Promote cell proliferation	[35]
	Rab9	Promote cell proliferation	[36]
	c-Myc	Promote cell proliferation	[109]
	HK2	Promote cell proliferation	[120]
	TRX1	Promote cell proliferation	[110]
Immune escape	SLC1A5	Impair immune cell function	[104]
	SLC38A2	Impair immune cell function	[104]
	SLC38A5	Impair immune cell function	[104]
Tumor metastasis	Snail	Promote metastasis	[41]
	ZEB	Promote metastasis	[42]
	MMP9	Promote metastasis	[127]

Abbreviations: AD: Alzheimer’s disease; ALS: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; NK: natural killer.